FX.co ★ Traders economic calendar. Period: Next week

Chinese Imports measures all goods and services brought into the country from another country in a legitimate fashion, typically for use in trade. Import goods or services are provided to domestic consumers by foreign producers. A lower than expected number should be taken as positive to the CNY while a higher than expected number as negative

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CNY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CNY.

Exports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (sales, barter, gifts or grants) from residents to non-residents. Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics.

A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the AUD, while a lower than expected number as negative.

Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and Imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics. For some countries Imports are reported as f.o.b. instead of c.i.f. which is generally accepted. When reporting Imports as f.o.b. you will have the effect of reducing the value of Imports by the amount of the cost of insurance and freight.

A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the AUD, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

Exports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (sales, barter, gifts or grants) from residents to non-residents. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CNY , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CNY.

The Economy Watchers Current Index measures the current mood of businesses that directly service consumers, such as barbers, taxi drivers, and waiters. The data is compiled from a survey of about 2,000 workers. A reading above 50.0 indicates optimism; below indicates pessimism.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a key economic indicator for Saudi Arabia. It reflects the overall performance and health of the economy. This quarterly event measures the total value of all goods and services produced in the country, including consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports.

An increase in GDP indicates economic growth, which may signal a strong move towards job creation and increased consumer spending. On the other hand, a decline in GDP can signal a declining economy, which may result in job losses and decreased consumer spending. Investors, analysts, and policymakers monitor GDP data to make informed decisions and projections about Saudi Arabia's economic future.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change in the general level of prices of goods and services bought by households over a specified period of time. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. The consumer price index is used as a measurement of and is a key economic figure. Likely impact: 1) Interest Rates: Larger-than-expected quarterly increase in price inflation or increasing trend is considered inflationary; this will cause bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise. 2) Stock Prices: Higher than expected price inflation is bearish on the stock market as higher inflation will lead to higher interest rates. 3) Exchange Rates: High inflation has an uncertain effect. It would lead to depreciation as higher prices mean lower competitiveness. Conversely, higher inflation causes higher interest rates and a tighter monetary policy that leads to an appreciation.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change in the general level of prices of goods and services bought by households over a specified period of time. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. The consumer price index is used as a measurement of and is a key economic figure. Likely impact: 1) Interest Rates: Larger-than-expected quarterly increase in price inflation or increasing trend is considered inflationary; this will cause bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise. 2) Stock Prices: Higher than expected price inflation is bearish on the stock market as higher inflation will lead to higher interest rates. 3) Exchange Rates: High inflation has an uncertain effect. It would lead to depreciation as higher prices mean lower competitiveness. Conversely, higher inflation causes higher interest rates and a tighter monetary policy that leads to an appreciation.

German Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

Total Industrial production excluding building of ships and boats. Changes in the volume of the physical output of the nation's factories, mine and utilities are measured by the index of industrial production. The figure is calculated as a weighted aggregate of goods and reported in headlines as a percent change from previous months. However, it is used as a leading indicator and helps in forecasting GDP changes. Rising industrial production figures signify increasing economic growth and can positively influence the sentiment towards local currency. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the DKK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the DKK.

Trade balance, called also net export, is the difference between the value of country's exports and imports, over a period of time. A positive balance (trade surplus) means that exports exceed imports, a negative one means the opposite. Positive trade balance illustrates high competitiveness of country's economy. This strengthens investor's interest in the local currency, appreciating its exchange rate. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The official reserve assets are assets denominated in foreign currency, readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting balance of payments financing needs, intervening in exchange markets to affect the currency exchange rate, and for other related purposes (such as maintaining confidence in the currency and the economy, and serving as a basis for foreign borrowing). They present a very comprehensive picture on a monthly basis of stocks at market price, transactions, foreign exchange and market revaluations and other changes in volume.

Industry is a basic category of business activity. Firms in the same industry are on the same side of the market, produce goods which are close substitutes and compete for the same customers. For statistical purposes, industries are categorized following a uniform classification code such as Standard Industrial Classification (SIC). Changes in the volume of the physical output of the nation's factories, mines and utilities are measured by the index of industrial production. The figure is calculated as a weighted aggregate of goods and reported in headlines as a percent change from previous months. It is often adjusted by season or weather conditions and thus volatile. However, it is used as a leading indicator and helps in forecasting GDP changes.

Trade balance, called also net export, is the difference between the value of country's exports and imports, over a period of time. A positive balance (trade surplus) means that exports exceed imports, a negative one means the opposite. Positive trade balance illustrates high competitiveness of country's economy. This strengthens investors' interest in the local currency, appreciating its exchange rate. Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and Imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics. According to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics.

The State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO) Consumer Climate Index measures the level of consumer confidence in economic activity. On the index, a level above zero indicates optimism; below indicates pessimism.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CHF, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CHF.

The Unemployment Rate measures the percentage of the total work force that is unemployed and actively seeking employment during the previous quarter. A higher than expected reading should be taken as negitive/bearish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR.

FX Reserves measures the foreign assets held or controlled by the country's central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specific currency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans.

A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the SGD, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The Sentix Investor Confidence Index rates the relative six-month economic outlook for the euro zone. The data is compiled from a survey of about 2,800 investors and analysts. A reading above zero indicates optimism; below indicates pessimism.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

A financial situation that occurs when an entity has more money going out than coming in. The term "budget deficit" is most commonly used to refer to government spending rather than business or individual spending. When it refers to federal government spending, a budget deficit is also known as the "national debt." The opposite of a budget deficit is a budget surplus, and when inflows are equal to outflows, the budget is said to be balanced.

The Leading Indicators Index is a composite index based on 12 economic indicators, that is designed to predict the future direction of the economy.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

The CPI or Consumer Price Index is a vital piece of economic data published by Angola's statistics bureau. It gives an indication of the inflation rate within the country by measuring the average change in prices over time that consumers pay for a basket of goods and services. It is a significant indicator of the buying power of the Angolan Kwanza. Changes in the CPI are used to assess price changes associated with the cost of living.

The calculation of the CPI involves tracking the prices of a specified set of consumer goods and services over time and comparing the costs with a base year. Increases or decreases in the CPI indicate rising or falling inflation rates, respectively. It's an important tool for economic policymakers, including central banks, in formulating monetary policy. Furthermore, for investors and traders, the CPI is a key gauge of economic trends which can influence investment decisions.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a significant economic indicator for Angola. It reflects the change in prices of a defined basket of goods and services purchased by households over a given period. Essentially, it provides information about trends and inflation in the cost of living.

The CPI is calculated by taking price changes for each item in the predetermined basket of goods and averaging them. This index is vital for economists and investors as it provides key information about the economic environment in Angola.

An increasing trend in the CPI is seen as inflationary which may prompt the country's central bank to raise interest rates to manage inflation. Conversely, a decreasing trend indicates deflation which may lead to a lowering of interest rates.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change over a specified period of time in the general level of prices of goods and services that a given population acquires, uses or pays for consumption. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. Consumer Price index is the most frequently used indicator of and reflect changes in the cost of acquiring a fixed basket of goods and services by the average consumer. The weights are usually derived from household expenditure surveys.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change over a specified period of time in the general level of prices of goods and services that a given population acquires, uses or pays for consumption. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. Consumer Price index is the most frequently used indicator of and reflect changes in the cost of acquiring a fixed basket of goods and services by the average consumer. The weights are usually derived from household expenditure surveys.

The Focus Market Report provides weekly mean market expectations for inflation over following month, 12 months, and following year as well as expectations for Selic target rate, real GDP growth, net public sector debt/GDP, industrial production growth, current account, and trade balance, collected from over 130 banks, brokers, and funds managers.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the average yield on the Bons du Trésor à taux fixe or BTF auctioned.

French BTF bills have maturities of up to 1 year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital.

The yield on the BTF represents the return an investor will receive by holding the treasury for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the average yield on the Bons du Trésor à taux fixe or BTF auctioned.

French BTF bills have maturities of up to 1 year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital.

The yield on the BTF represents the return an investor will receive by holding the treasury for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the average yield on the Bons du Trésor à taux fixe or BTF auctioned.

French BTF bills have maturities of up to 1 year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital.

The yield on the BTF represents the return an investor will receive by holding the treasury for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The eight labor-market indicators listed below aggregated into the Employment Trends Index. Percentage of respondents who say they find ""Jobs Hard to Get"" (The Conference Board Consumer Confidence Survey). Initial Claims for Unemployment Insurance (U.S. Department of Labor). Percentage of Firms With Positions Not Able to Fill Right Now (National Federation of Independent Business). Number of employees hired by the temporary-help industry (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics). Part-time Workers for Economic Reasons (BLS).Job Openings (BLS). Industrial Production (Federal Reserve Board). Real Manufacturing and Trade Sales (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis). A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The NY Fed 1-Year Consumer Inflation Expectations is an economic event that measures the anticipated inflation rate in the United States over the next 12 months. This data is derived from the Survey of Consumer Expectations conducted by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The survey provides information on consumer attitudes towards inflation, which can be an important factor in shaping economic policies and financial market trends.

A higher than expected inflation rate can be concerning for investors, as it may lead to the Federal Reserve increasing interest rates to combat rising prices, which can have an impact on consumer spending and investments. Conversely, a lower than expected inflation rate may indicate a sluggish economy, potentially leading to policy makers adopting a more accommodative stance to stimulate economic growth. The NY Fed 1-Year Consumer Inflation Expectations therefore serves as a valuable indicator of consumer sentiment and potential future policy actions by the Federal Reserve.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the rate on the Treasury Bill auctioned.

U.S. Treasury Bills have maturities of a few days to one year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Bill represents the return an investor will receive by holding the bill for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the rate on the Treasury Bill auctioned.

U.S. Treasury Bills have maturities of a few days to one year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Bill represents the return an investor will receive by holding the bill for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the yield on the Treasury Note auctioned.

U.S. Treasury Notes have maturities of two to ten years. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Note represents the return an investor will receive by holding the note for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

M3 Money Supply measures the total quantity of domestic currency in circulation and deposited in banks. An increasing supply of money leads to additional spending, which in turn leads to inflation.

The British Retail Consortium (BRC) Retail Sales Monitor measures the change in the value of same-store sales in BRC-member retail outlets in the U.K.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The National Australia Bank (NAB) Business Confidence Index rates the current level of business conditions in Australia. Changes in business sentiment can be an early signal of future economic activity such as spending, hiring, and investment. The index is based on data collected from a survey of around 350 companies. A level above zero indicates improving conditions; below indicates worsening conditions.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the AUD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the AUD.

Business confidence is a measure of respondents expectations of business conditions in their industry for the upcoming period. Business conditions is a simple average of trading, profitability and employment indices, reported by respondents for their company. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the AUD, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The Building Approvals report is a significant economic indicator in Australia, offering insights into the development and growth of the housing sector. This data provides estimations of future construction activity, and by extension, the wellbeing of the construction industry. The number of buildings approved for construction helps analysts to evaluate job prospects in the sector and to predict if any fluctuations in the housing market are imminent.

Building approvals also indicate the confidence level of builders and can reflect expectations about the economy’s overall health. A high number of approvals might suggest high future investment in construction and therefore overall economic growth. Conversely, a decrease might signal a decline in the construction sector and potentially wider economic troubles. For these reasons, the Building Approvals report is closely watched by economists, investors, and policy makers alike.

Building Approvals (also known as Building Permits) measures the change in the number of new building approvals issued by the government. Building permits are key indicator of demand in the housing market.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the AUD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the AUD.

Construction industry provides information on construction output and activity. Such information gives an insight into the supply on the housing and construction market. Rising number of new construction starts or value of construction completed reflects higher consumer and business optimism. Expanding construction indicates growth in the housing market and predicts an increase in the overall economy. However, an excessive supply of new buildings may result in a drop in housing prices. The construction industry is one of the first to go into a recession when the economy declines but also to recover as conditions improve. Statistics of building work approved are compiled from: permits issued by local government authorities; contracts let or day labour work authorised by Commonwealth, State, semi-government and local government authorities; major building activity in areas not subject to normal administrative approval e.g. building on remote mine sites.

Foreign capital actually utilized refers to the amount which has been actually used according to the agreements and contracts, including cash, materials and invisible capital such as labour service and technology which both parties agree to take as an investment. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PHP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PHP.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PHP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PHP.

The consumer confidence index is based on interviews with consumers about their perceptions of the country's current and future economic situation and their tendencies to purchase. The performance of the economy of a country is reflected in macro-economic variables, such as the gross national product, external debt, interest rates, foreign exchange rates, imports, exports, stock market prices, inflation rates, real wages, unemployment rate, and so on. The state of the economy is also reflected in the micro-behavior of the consumers. The attitudes and behaviors of individual consumers affect the performance of the economy. For example, if they believe that the economy is heading in a certain direction, then they would make their savings or spending plans according.

Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) board members come to a consensus on where to set the rate. Traders watch interest rate changes closely as short term interest rates are the primary factor in currency valuation.

A higher than expected rate is positive/bullish for the AUD, while a lower than expected rate is negative/bearish for the AUD.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the yield on the JGB auctioned.

JGB's have maturities of up to 50 years. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a JGB represents the return an investor will receive by holding the note for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

Consumer Confidence measures the level of consumer confidence in economic activity. It is a leading indicator as it can predict consumer spending, which plays a major role in overall economic activity. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the THB , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the THB.

The Reserve Bank of Australia's (RBA) monthly rate statement contains the outcome of bank's interest rate decision and discusses the economic conditions that influenced the decision. It can also give investors clues to the outcome of future decisions.

A more dovish than expected statement could be taken as negative/bearish for the AUD, while a more hawkish than expected statement could be taken as positive/bullish for the AUD.

Consumer Spending measures the change in the inflation-adjusted value of all goods expenditures by consumers. Consumer spending accounts for the majority of economic activity. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Consumer Price index is the most frequently used indicator of and reflect changes in the cost of acquiring a fixed basket of goods and services by the average consumer. The weights are usually derived from household expenditure surveys. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

Machine Tool Orders measures the change in the total value of new orders placed with machine tool manufacturers. Two versions of this report are released, preliminary and final. The preliminary report had the biggest impact.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

Exports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (sales, barter, gifts or grants) from residents to non-residents. Exports free onboard (f.o.b.) and Imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics. For some countries Imports are reported as f.o.b. instead of c.i.f. which is generally accepted. When reporting Imports as f.o.b. you will have the effect of reducing the value of Imports by the amount of the cost of insurance and freight.

Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and Imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics. For some countries Imports are reported as f.o.b. instead of c.i.f. which is generally accepted. When reporting Imports as f.o.b. you will have the effect ofreducing the value of Imports by the amount of the cost of insurance and freight.

The Trade Balance measures the difference in worth between exported and imported goods over the month. A positive number indicates that more goods were exported than imported.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Current Account is an important economic indicator that measures the difference in value between Denmark's exports and imports of goods, services, investment income, and current transfers over a specific period. It is a significant component of the country's balance of payments, which is a comprehensive record of all economic transactions between residents of Denmark and the rest of the world.

A positive current account balance indicates that Denmark's total exports, or inflows, surpass its total imports, or outflows. This suggests that the country is a net saver and potentially attractive to foreign investors. On the other hand, a negative current account balance implies that Denmark is a net borrower from the global economy, which could signify potential economic challenges.

The current account figure not only offers insight into the trade balance but also reflects the country's competitiveness and attractiveness to foreign investors. As a result, it is closely monitored by economists, investors, and policymakers alike for its potential impact on the Danish Krone exchange rate, financial markets, and overall economic health.

Trade balance, called also net export, is the difference between the value of country's exports and imports, over a period of time.A positive balance (trade surplus) means that exports exceed imports, a negative one means the opposite. Positive trade balance illustrates high competitiveness of country's economy. This strengthens investors interest in the local currency, appreciating its exchange rate. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the DKK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the DKK.

The Producer Price Index (PPI) is designed to monitor changes in prices of items at the first important commercial transactions. Producer Price Index (PPI) measures a change in the prices of goods and services, over a span of time, either as they leave their place of production or as they enter the production process. PPI measures a change in the prices received by domestic producers for their outputs or the change in the prices paid by domestic producers for their intermediate inputs. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the NOK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the NOK.

M3 Money Supply measures the change in the total quantity of domestic currency in circulation and deposited in banks. An increasing supply of money leads to additional spending, which in turn leads to inflation.

Producer Price Index (PPI) measures a change in the prices of goods and services, over a span of time, either as they leave their place of production or as they enter the production process. PPI measures a change in the prices received by domestic producers for their outputs or the change in the prices paid by domestic producers for their intermediate inputs. The Producer Price Index (PPI) is designed to monitor changes in prices of items at the first important commercial transactions. The PPI shows the same general pattern of inflation as does Consumer price index, but is more volatile. This is because it is weighted more heavily towards goods that are traded in highly competitive markets and somewhat less sensitive to changes in the cost of labour. In principle, the PPI should include service industries, but in practice it is limited to the domestic agricultural and industrial sector.

Producer Price Index (PPI) measures a change in the prices of goods and services, over a span of time, either as they leave their place of production or as they enter the production process. PPI measures a change in the prices received by domestic producers for their outputs or the change in the prices paid by domestic producers for their intermediate inputs. The Producer Price Index (PPI) is designed to monitor changes in prices of items at the first important commercial transactions. The PPI shows the same general pattern of inflation as does Consumer price index, but is more volatile. This is because it is weighted more heavily towards goods that are traded in highly competitive markets and somewhat less sensitive to changes in the cost of labour. In principle, the PPI should include service industries, but in practice it is limited to the domestic agricultural and industrial sector.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change in the general level of prices of goods and services bought by households over a specified period of time. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. The consumer price index is used as a measurement of and is a key economic figure. Likely impact: 1) Interest Rates: Larger-than-expected quarterly increase in price inflation or increasing trend is considered inflationary; this will cause bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise. 2) Stock Prices: Higher than expected price inflation is bearish on the stock market as higher inflation will lead to higher interest rates. 3) Exchange Rates: High inflation has an uncertain effect. It would lead to depreciation as higher prices mean lower competitiveness. Conversely, higher inflation causes higher interest rates and a tighter monetary policy that leads to an appreciation.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the HUF, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the HUF.

Exports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (sales, barter, gifts or grants) from residents to non-residents. Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics.

A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the TWD, while a lower than expected number as negative.

Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and Imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics. For some countries Imports are reported as f.o.b. instead of c.i.f. which is generally accepted. When reporting Imports as f.o.b. you will have the effect of reducing the value of Imports by the amount of the cost of insurance and freight.

A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the TWD, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the TWD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the TWD.

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Total of a country's gold holdings and convertible foreign currencies held in its central bank. Usually includes foreign currencies themselves, other assets denominated in foreign currencies, and particular amount of special drawing rights (SDRs). A foreign exchange reserve is a useful precaution for countries exposed to financial crises. It can be used for the purpose of intervening in the exchange market to influence or peg the exchange rate.

Foreign exchange reserves are only the foreign currency deposits held by central banks and monetary authorities. The Bank of Israel operates in the FX markets by buying and selling foreign currency in response to exchange rate movements. The dollars which the Bank is purchasing become part of the Bank's foreign exchange reserves.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the average yield on the Letras del Tesoro auctioned.

Spanish Bills have maturities of less then two years. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital.

The yield on the Letras del Tesoro represents the return an investor will receive by holding the treasury for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

Consumer Price index is the most frequently used indicator of and reflect changes in the cost of acquiring a fixed basket of goods and services by the average consumer. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The HICP are designed expressly for international comparisons of consumer price inflation across EU Member States. these harmonized figures will be used to inform decisions on which Member States meet price stability convergencecriterion for EMU. However, they are not intended to replace existing national Consumer Price Indices (CPIs).The coverage of the indices is based on the EU classification COICOP (classification of individual consumption by purpose). As a result a number of CPI series are excluded from the HICP, most particularly owner occupiers ever, the HICP includes series for personal computers, new cars and air fairs.

The National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB) Small Business Optimism Index is a composite of ten seasonally adjusted components. It provides a indication of the health of small businesses in the U.S., which account of roughly 50% of the nation's private workforce.

Exports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (sales, barter, gifts or grants) from residents to non-residents. Tradable Copper - Copper deliveries to the national manufacturing industry for domestic consumption and manufactured exports.

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CLP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CLP.

Exports free on board (f.o.b.) and Imports cost insurance freight (c.i.f.) are, in general, customs statistics reported under the general trade statistics according to the recommendations of the UN International Trade Statistics. For some countries Imports are reported as f.o.b. instead of c.i.f. which is generally accepted. When reporting Imports as f.o.b. you will have the effect of reducing the value of Imports by the amount of the cost of insurance and freight. Exports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (sales, barter, gifts or grants) from residents to non-residents.

Imports of goods and services consist of transactions in goods and services (purchases, barter, gifts or grants) from non-residents to residents. Prepared inaccordance with the methodological criteria established in the sixth edition of the Balance of Payments Manual.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change in the general level of prices of goods and services bought by households over a specified period of time. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. The consumer price index is used as a measurement of and is a key economic figure. Likely impact: 1) Interest Rates: Larger-than-expected quarterly increase in price inflation or increasing trend is considered inflationary; this will cause bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise. 2) Stock Prices: Higher than expected price inflation is bearish on the stock market as higher inflation will lead to higher interest rates. 3) Exchange Rates: High inflation has an uncertain effect. It would lead to depreciation as higher prices mean lower competitiveness. Conversely, higher inflation causes higher interest rates and a tighter monetary policy that leads to an appreciation.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the MXN, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the MXN.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the MXN, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the MXN.

Month Core Inflation is an important economic calendar event for Mexico, as it measures the percentage change in the prices of a selected basket of goods and services, excluding volatile items such as food, energy, and fuel, over a one-month period. Core inflation is considered a more reliable indicator of the overall inflationary trend and helps policymakers and investors to better understand the underlying trends in the economy.

This economic indicator is closely monitored by central banks, investors, and market participants, as it provides insights into the current and future direction of inflationary pressures in the country. A higher than expected month core inflation rate could signal an overheating economy, which may lead to a tightening of monetary policy, while a lower than expected core inflation rate could indicate a sluggish economy with potential for monetary easing.

The Corporate Goods Price Index (CGPI) measures the change in the selling prices of goods purchased by Japanese corporations. The CGPI measures the change in the rate of inflation in Japan from the perspective of the manufacturer and is correlated with consumer price inflation.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

The Corporate Goods Price Index (CGPI) measures the change in the selling prices of goods purchased by Japanese corporations. The CGPI measures the change in the rate of inflation in Japan from the perspective of the manufacturer and is correlated with consumer price inflation.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

The ADP Employment Change Weekly report provides an estimation of the private sector employment change in the United States on a weekly basis. Compiled by the ADP Research Institute, this report offers insights into job growth trends within the non-farm private sector and is based on actual payroll data from ADP clients. It serves as a precursor to the monthly employment reports, giving early indications of labor market conditions by measuring the change in the number of employed people during the previous week, excluding government jobs and the farming industry. This metric is crucial for economists and policymakers to assess the health of the labor market and make informed decisions related to economic policy and labor practices.

Nonfarm Productivity measures the annualized change in labor efficiency when producing goods and services, excluding the farming industry. Productivity and labor-related inflation are directly linked-a drop in a worker's productivity is equivalent to a rise in their wage.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

Unit Labor Costs measure the annualized change in the price businesses pay for labor, excluding the farming industry. It is a leading indicator of consumer inflation.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The Redbook Index is a sales-weighted of year-over-year same-store sales growth in a sample of large US general merchandise retailers representing about 9,000 stores. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the USD, while a lower than expected number as negative.

Monetary policy refers to the actions undertaken by a country's monetary authority, central bank or government to achieve certain national economic goals. It is based on the relationship between interest rates at which money can be borrowed and total supply of money. Policy rates are the most important rates within a country's monetary policy. These can be: deposit rates, lombard rates, rediscount rates, reference rates etc. Changing them influences economic growth, inflation, exchange rates and unemployment.

A survey done by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics to help measure job vacancies. It collects data from employers about their businesses' employment, job openings, recruitment, hires and separations.

JOLTS defines Job Openings as all positions that are open (not filled) on the last business day of the month. A job is "open" only if it meets all three of the following conditions:

1. A specific position exists and there is work available for that position.

2. The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the establishment finds a suitable candidate during that time.

3. There is active recruiting for workers from outside the establishment location that has the opening.

A reading that is stronger than forecast is generally supportive (bullish) for the USD, while a weaker than forecast reading is generally negative (bearish) for the USD.

This monthly report provides the current USDA forecasts of U.S. and world supply-use balances of major grains, soybeans and products, and cotton; and U.S. supply and use of sugar and livestock products.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the yield on the Treasury Note auctioned.

U.S. Treasury Notes have maturities of two to ten years. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Note represents the return an investor will receive by holding the note for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the ARS, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the ARS.

The American Petroleum Institute reports inventory levels of US crude oil, gasoline and distillates stocks. The figure shows how much oil and product is available in storage.The indicator gives an overview of US petroleum demand.

If the increase in crude inventories is more than expected, it implies weaker demand and is bearish for crude prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is less than expected.

If the increase in crude is less than expected, it implies greater demand and is bullish for crude prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is more than expected.

Tourism is a service based industry that applies to people o!G s traveling and staying in a place that is not their usual environment and for the purpose of leisure, not business. It includes such elements as accommodation, food and beverages, souvenirs, tours, transport but also relaxation, adventure, culture. Tourism can substantially impact economic development of both host countries and home countries of tourists. However, consequences can be both positive and negative. Benefits from tourism industry concern: income from tourists expenditures as well as imports and exports of goods and services, contributions to government revenues from taxes put on tourism businesses, stimulation of infrastructure investment and new employment opportunities. However, a country or region should not be dependent only on this one industry. The seasonal character of tourism causes problems such as insecurity of seasonal workers that concern.

Permanent and long-term arrivals include overseas migrants who arrive in New Zealand intending to stay for a period of 12 months or more (or permanently), plus New Zealand residents returning after an absence of 12 months or more.

The Unemployment Rate measures the percentage of the total work force that is unemployed and actively seeking employment.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the KRW, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the KRW.

The Reuters Tankan is a monthly survey of leading Japanese companies, and it wasformally known as Telerate Tankan until it was renamed after the acquisition of Quick Moneyline Telerate Corp. by Reuters Group. It covers a panel of 200 manufacturers and 200 non-manufacturers. The monthly figures are designed to provide early indications of the BOJ's quarterly tankan. The indexes are derivedby subtracting the percentage of respondents who say business conditions are poor from the percentage of those who say they are good.

The Corporate Goods Price Index (CGPI) measures the change in the selling prices of goods purchased by Japanese corporations. The CGPI measures the change in the rate of inflation in Japan from the perspective of the manufacturer and is correlated with consumer price inflation.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

The Corporate Goods Price Index measures the price movement of domestically-produced and domestically-used goods with sample prices, collected either from the producer or wholesaler of these goods. (was WPI before).

The Chart Pack summarises macroeconomic and financial market trends in Australia and provides some information about developments for Australia's main trading partners.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CNY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CNY.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CNY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CNY.

The Producer Price Index (PPI) measures the change in the price of goods sold by manufacturers. It is a leading indicator of consumer price inflation, which accounts for the majority of overall inflation.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CNY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CNY.

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the IDR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the IDR.

The Unemployment Rate measures the percentage of the total work force that is unemployed and actively seeking employment.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the MYR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the MYR.

Manufacturing Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturersA higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Changes in the volume of the physical output of the nation's factories, mine and utilities are measured by the index of industrial production. The figure is calculated as a weighted aggregate of goods and reported in headlines as a percent change from previous months. Rising industrial production figures signify increasing economic growth and can positively influence the sentiment towardslocal currency. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Estonian Current Account % of GDP is an economic calendar event that showcases the ratio of the Current Account balance to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Estonia. The current account records the country's transactions with the rest of the world and includes the balance of trade (exports minus imports), net income from abroad, and net current transfers.

An increasing percentage indicates a higher surplus in the current account, suggesting that Estonia is producing more than it consumes and is able to export its excess production. This can positively impact the nation's currency and signify a strong economy.

On the other hand, a decreasing percentage signifies that the economy is consuming more than it produces, leading to a deficit in the current account. This can have a negative impact on the country's currency and may indicate potential economic challenges.

The Estonian Current Account % of GDP is a significant event for investors, analysts, and policymakers as it provides valuable insights into the overall health of the Estonian economy and potential shifts in economic growth.

The Trade Balance index measures the difference in worth between exported and imported goods over the reported month. Export demand is directly linked to currency demand, while export demand also has an impact on production levels.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change in the general level of prices of goods and services bought by households over a specified period of time. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. The consumer price index is used as a measurement of inflation and is a key economic figure. Likely impact: 1) Interest Rates: Larger-than-expected quarterly increase in price or increasing trend is considered inflationary; this will cause bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise. 2) Stock Prices: Higher than expected price inflation is bearish on the stock market as higher inflation will lead to higher interest rates. 3) Exchange Rates: High inflation has an uncertain effect. It would lead to depreciation as higher prices mean lower competitiveness. Conversely, higher inflation causes higher interest rates and a tighter monetary policy that leads to an appreciation.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the change in the inflation-adjusted value of all goods and services produced by the economy. It is the broadest measure of economic activity and the primary indicator of the economy's health.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

The Japanese Household Confidence indicator is a measure of the mood of consumers.

The index is based on data collected from a survey of around 5000 households.

The consumer confidence indicator is closely linked to consumer spending and correlated with personal income, purchasing power, employment and business conditions.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

The Japanese Household Confidence indicator is a measure of the mood of consumers.

The index is based on data collected from a survey of around 5000 households.

The consumer confidence indicator is closely linked to consumer spending and correlated with personal income, purchasing power, employment and business conditions.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

New orders measure the value of orders received in a given period of time. They are legally binding contracts between a consumer and a producer for delivering goods and services. New orders indicate future industrial output and production requirements.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The purpose of the consumer price index is to measure the development of the prices charged to consumers for goods and services bought by private households in Denmark.The consumer price index is used as a measurement of and is a key economic figure, which is used by a large number of public and private companies and interested members of the general public in connection with monitoring economic developments. Furthermore, the index is used for regulating (indexation) contracts, pensions, wages and salaries, rents, etc. The index weights for the detailed indices (elementary aggregate indices) are calculated on the basis of data from the national accounts on final consumption expenditure of households in Denmark, supplemented by detailed information from the Household Budget Survey. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the DKK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the DKK.

The HICP, or Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices, is an economic calendar event for Denmark that measures the changes in the prices paid by consumers for a specific basket of goods and services. The index is harmonised across European Union (EU) countries using official guidelines in order to ensure comparability and reliability.

This indicator serves as a tool for understanding the inflation trends in Denmark and evaluating the effectiveness of the country's monetary and fiscal policies. A rise in the HICP signifies increasing inflation, which may prompt central banks to implement measures to manage inflationary pressures. Conversely, a decline in the HICP indicates deflation, which can lead to decreased spending and investment.

Investors and policymakers closely monitor the HICP due to its implications on the economy, interest rates, and currency valuation. It is important for market participants to keep an eye on this event in order to stay informed about the current state of the Danish economy and make informed decisions.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change in the general level of prices of goods and services bought by households over a specified period of time. It compares a household's cost for a Zpecific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. The consumer price index is used as a measurement of and is a key economic figure. CPI-ATE (CPI adjusted for tax changes and excluding energy products) is an indicator that is built upon the main components of CPI-AE and CPI-AT. Core inflation, adjusted for taxes and energy prices, is the measure used by the central bank in setting interest rates.

CPI-ATE (CPI adjusted for tax changes and excluding energy products) is an indicator that is built upon the main components of CPI-AE and CPI-AT. Core inflation, adjusted for taxes and energy prices, is the measure used by the central bank in setting interest rates. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the NOK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the NOK.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change over a specified period of time in the general level of prices of goods and services that a given population acquires, uses or pays for consumption. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the NOK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the NOK.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change over a specified period of time in the general level of prices of goods and services that a given population acquires, uses or pays for consumption. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the NOK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the NOK.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

Industrial Production is a fixed-weight measure of physical output of the nation's factories, mines and utilities. Monthly percent changes in the index reflect the rate of change in output. Changes in industrial production are widely followed as a major indicator of strength in the manufacturing sector. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the TRY , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the TRY.

Trade balance, called also net export, is the difference between the value of country's exports and imports, over a period of time. A positive balance (trade surplus) means that exports exceed imports, a negative one means the opposite. Positive trade balance illustrates high competitiveness of country's economy. This strengthens investors' interest in the local currency, appreciating its exchange rate.

Trade balance, called also net export, is the difference between the value of country's exports and imports, over a period of time. A positive balance (trade surplus) means that exports exceed imports, a negative one means the opposite. Positive trade balance illustrates high competitiveness of country's economy. This strengthens investors' interest in the local currency, appreciating its exchange rate.

The industrial production index is calculated as a chain index. The weights used are value added from the annual national accounts.The method for seasonal adjustment is done by TRAMO/SEATS. Weight 0.9160 of total 1. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SEK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SEK.

The industrial production index is calculated as a chain index. The weights used are value added from the annual national accounts.The method for seasonal adjustment is done by TRAMO/SEATS. Weight 0.9160 of total 1. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SEK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SEK.

Balance of payments is a set of accounts recording all economic transactions between the residents of the country and the rest of the world in a given period of time, usually one year. Payments into the country are called credits, payments out of the country are called debits. There are three main components of a balance of payments: - current account - capital account - financial account Either a surplus or a deficit can be shown in any of these components. Current account records the values of the following: - trade balance exports and imports of goods and services - income payments and expenditure interest, dividends, salaries - unilateral transfers aid, taxes, one-way gifts It shows how a country deals with the global economy on a non-investment basis. Balance of payments shows strengths and weaknesses in a country's economy and therefore helps to achieve balanced economic growth. The release of a balance of payments can have a significant effect on the exchange rate of a national currency against other currencies. It is also important to investors of domestic companies that depend on exports. Positive current account balance is when inflows from its components into the country exceed outflows of the capital leaving the country. Current account surplus may strengthen the demand for local currency. Persistent deficit may lead to a depreciation of a currency.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CZK, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CZK.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CZK, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CZK.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Industrial Production Index is an economic indicator that measures changes in output for the manufacturing, mining, and utilities. Although these sectors contribute only a small portion of GDP, they are highly sensitive to interest rates and consumer demand. This makes Industrial Production an important tool for forecasting future GDP and economic performance. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the EUR, while a lower than expected number as negative

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a vital economic event for Mozambique. It measures changes in the price level of a weighted average basket of consumer goods and services, such as transportation, food, and medical care. The CPI is a statistical estimate constructed using the prices of a sample of representative items whose prices are collected periodically. The change in CPI is used to assess price changes associated with the cost of living.

The CPI is one of the most frequently used statistics for identifying periods of inflation or deflation. High inflation can be a concern for the economy as it reduces the purchasing power of Mozambique's currency. Conversely, deflation can lead to decreased economic output and a potential economic recession. Thus, monitoring changes in the CPI is critical for economic policy decision making.

Industrial Production is a fixed-weight measure of physical output of the nation's factories, mines and utilities. Monthly percent changes in the index reflect the rate of change in output. Changes in industrial production are widely followed as a major indicator of strength in the manufacturing sector. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the average yield on the BOT auctioned.

Italian BOT bills have maturities of one year or less. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital.

The yield on the BOT represents the return an investor will receive by holding the treasury for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

Imports of goods and services are recorded on the resources side of the external balance of goods and services and exports of goods and services on the uses side. The difference between resources and uses is the balancing item in the account, called 'external balance of goods and services'. If it is positive,there is a surplus for the rest of the world and a deficit for the total economy and vice versa if it is negative. Movement of goods, into or out of a country, that are added to or subtracted from a country's stock of goods and that are object of the statistics of the international trade A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Trade balance, called also net export, is the difference between the value of country's exports and imports, over a period of time. A positive balance (trade surplus) means that exports exceed imports, a negative one means the opposite. Positive trade balance illustrates high competitiveness of country's economy. This strengthens investors' interest in the local currency, appreciating its exchange rate.

Retail trade refers to establishments that retail merchandise goods without processing to consumers for personal or domestic use. Statistics South Africa conducts a monthly survey of the retail trade industry, covering retail enterprises. This survey is based on a sample drawn from the 2004 Business Sample Frame (BSF) that contains businesses registered for value-added tax (VAT) and income tax. Retail trade sales include value added tax (VAT). A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the ZAR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the ZAR.

Monetary aggregates, known also as "money supply", is the quantity of currency available within the economy to purchase goods and services. M3 is a broad monetary aggregate that includes all physical currency circulating in the economy (banknotes and coins), operational deposits in central bank, money in current accounts, saving accounts, money market deposits, certificates of deposit, all other deposits and repurchase agreements. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the INR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the INR.

The Consumer Confidence measures the level of consumer confidence in economic activity. It is a leading indicator as it can predict the consumer spending, which is a major part in the total economic activity. Higher readings point to higher consumer optimism.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the BRL, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the BRL.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the BRL, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the BRL.

The Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA, in Portuguese) measures the inflation rate for a group of products and services from retail trade, relative to household expenditure. IPCA is the benchmark inflation index observed by the Central Bank of Brazil. IPCA encompasses families with household income ranging from 1 to 40 minimum wages, from whatever source, living in main urban areas.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a significant economic calendar event for Rwanda. It is a key economic indicator that measures the average change in the prices paid by consumers for a fixed basket of goods and services over a specified period of time.

This index is crucial for understanding inflation trends in the country and is used by policymakers to make informed decisions on monetary policy, interest rates, and other economic policies aimed at stabilizing the economy and promoting sustainable growth.

Typically, an increase in CPI indicates a rise in inflation as consumers are paying higher prices for the same goods and services. This can lead to a decrease in purchasing power and potential adjustments in monetary policy. Conversely, a decrease in CPI signals that inflation is slowing, which may result in increased purchasing power as prices fall and consumers are able to buy more with the same amount of money.

Fixed 30-year mortgage lending rates for 80% loan-to-value mortgage (source by MBA).

Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA) Mortgage Applications measures the change in the number of new applications for mortgages backed by the MBA during the reported week.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

MBA - Mortgage Bankers Association of America. The Purchase Index includes all mortgages applications for the purchase of a single-family home. It covers the entire market, both conventional and government loans, and all products. The Purchase Index has proven to be a reliable indicator of impending home sales.

MBA - Mortgage Bankers Association of America. The Market Index covers all mortgage applications during the week. This includes all conventional and government applications, all fixed-rate mortgages (FRMs), all adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs), whether for a purchase or to refinance.

MBA - Mortgage Bankers Association of America. The Refinance Index covers all mortgage applications to refinance an existing mortgage. It is the best overall gauge of mortgage refinancing activity. The Refinance Index includes conventional and government refinances, regardless of product (FRM or ARM) or coupon rate refinanced into or out of. Seasonal factors are less significant in refinances than in home sales, however holiday effects are considerable.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the UAH, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the UAH.

The Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services, excluding food and energy. The CPI measures price change from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services, excluding food and energy. The CPI measures price change from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of the average change in the prices paid by urban consumers for a fixed market basket of goods and services. The CPI is based on prices of food, clothing, shelter, fuel, drugs, transportation fares, doctors' and dentists' fees, and other goods and services that people buy for day-to-day living. The quantity and quality of these items are kept essentially unchanged between major revisions so that only price changes will be measured. All taxes directly associated with the purchase and use of items are included in the index.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of the average change in the prices paid by urban consumers for a fixed market basket of goods and services. The CPIis based on prices of food, clothing, shelter, fuel, drugs, transportation fares, doctors and dentists fees, and other goods and services that people buy for day-to-day living. The quantity and quality of these items are kept essentially unchanged between major revisions so that only price changes will bemeasured. All taxes directly associated with the purchase and use of items are included in the index."

The CPI Index, s.a, also known as the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers, is an economic event that measures the average change in the prices that urban consumers pay for a basket of goods and services over time. It is a key indicator of inflation and serves as a guide for making decisions related to monetary policy, wage agreements, and economic forecasts.

This event compares the cost of a fixed basket of goods and services purchased by consumers, such as food, housing, transportation, and medical care, to the cost of the same basket in a previous reference period. The CPI Index, s.a, adjusts the data for seasonal variations, making it easier to compare changes in the prices of goods and services throughout the year.

An increase in the CPI Index, s.a, indicates that the average price level for the basket of goods and services has increased, thereby pointing to inflationary pressures. Conversely, a decrease signifies deflationary pressures. Central banks, policymakers, businesses, and individuals closely monitor this economic event to make informed decisions related to investments, consumption, and financial planning.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) not seasonally adjusted (n.s.a) is an economic calendar event for the United States that measures the changes in the prices paid by urban consumers for a representative basket of goods and services, without any adjustments made for seasonal variations.

While the seasonally adjusted CPI takes into account predictable fluctuations at different times of the year, such as increased energy costs in winter or more expensive food in summer, the not seasonally adjusted CPI provides a more straightforward look at price changes, presenting the raw data without any adjustments.

Analyzer of CPI n.s.a is important for policymakers, investors, and businesses as it helps in understanding inflation trends and making well-informed decisions.

Employment benefits, also referred to as job perks or fringe benefits, are various forms of non-wage compensation provided to employees in addition to their regular salaries or wages. These benefits can include a range of offerings, such as health care, retirement plans, paid time off, disability insurance, and more.

Companies typically provide employment benefits to attract and retain talent, promote employee well-being, and maintain a competitive edge in the labor market. Employers may frequently adjust or diversify their benefits packages to meet the changing needs of their workforce or to align with prevailing industry standards.

An economic calendar event focusing on employment benefits in the United States may provide insights into various factors affecting the country's job market. Such factors can potentially influence labor force participation, employee satisfaction, productivity, and overall economic health.

The Employment Cost Index measures the change in the price businesses and the government pay for civilian labor.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

Employment Wages is an economic calendar event that provides crucial insights into the wage trends in the United States. This indicator measures the overall hourly earnings of employees in the non-farm business sector, reflecting the health of the job market and the purchasing power of the population.

This data can be significant for investors and policymakers, as changes in wage levels can influence economic growth, inflation, and consumer spending. Higher wages often lead to increased consumer spending, driving economic growth, while stagnant or falling wages can signal a weak labor market and potential economic slowdown.

Real Earnings measures Wages, salaries, and other earnings, corrected for inflation over time so as to produce a measure of actual changes in purchasing power. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the USD, while a lower than expected number as negative

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change in the general level of prices of goods and services bought by households over a specified period of time. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. The consumer price index is used as a measurement of and is a key economic figure. Likely impact: 1) Interest Rates: Larger-than-expected quarterly increase in price inflation or increasing trend is considered inflationary; this will cause bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise. 2) Stock Prices: Higher than expected price inflation is bearish on the stock market as higher inflation will lead to higher interest rates. 3) Exchange Rates: High inflation has an uncertain effect. It would lead to depreciation as higher prices mean lower competitiveness. Conversely, higher inflation causes higher interest rates and a tighter monetary policy that leads to an appreciation.

Bank of Canada (BOC) governing council members come to a consensus on where to set the rate. Traders watch interest rate changes closely as short term interest rates are the primary factor in currency valuation.

A higher than expected rate is positive/bullish for the CAD, while a lower than expected rate is negative/bearish for the CAD.

The Bank of Canada Rate Statement is the primary tool the Bank of Canada uses to communicate with investors about monetary policy. It contains the outcome of their decision on interest rates and commentary about the economic conditions that influenced their decision.

The Bank of Canada (BOC) press conference looks at the factors that affected the most recent interest rate decision, the overall economic outlook, inflation and offers insights into future monetary policy decisions.

The EIA Weekly Refinery Utilization Rates is an important economic calendar event that provides valuable insights into the weekly performance of refineries in the United States. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) releases this report to measure the percentage of available refining capacity that is being utilized by refineries during the specified period.

These utilization rates are critical for market participants, policymakers, and analysts as they offer a clear picture of the state of the refinery sector. Changes in refinery utilization rates may indicate shifts in the overall energy market, including the demand and supply dynamics for crude oil, gasoline, and other petroleum products. Should the rates rise, it may signal increasing demand for fuel or strong economic activity, while declining rates can be a sign of weakening demand or economic slowdown.

Investors, traders and businesses typically use this information to help them make decisions and predictions about the energy market, oil prices, and the overall performance of the economy. Hence, the EIA Weekly Refinery Utilization Rates constitutes a highly significant economic calendar event for the United States.

Change in the number of barrels of crude oil held in storage at the Cushing, Oklahoma during the past week. Storage levels at Cushing are important because it serves as the delivery point for the U.S. crude oil benchmark, West Texas Intermediate.

The Energy Information Administration's (EIA) Crude Oil Inventories measures the weekly change in the number of barrels of commercial crude oil held by US firms. The level of inventories influences the price of petroleum products, which can have an impact on inflation.

If the increase in crude inventories is more than expected, it implies weaker demand and is bearish for crude prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is less than expected.

If the increase in crude is less than expected, it implies greater demand and is bullish for crude prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is more than expected.

The EIA Refinery Crude Runs is an economic calendar event that focuses on the weekly report provided by the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA). This report features data on the total volume of crude oil processed within American refineries, also known as crude runs.

An increase in refinery crude runs could indicate higher demand for crude oil, which in turn corresponds to strong economic growth. On the other hand, a decrease in refinery crude runs may signal a possible decline in demand for crude oil or refining capacity, reflecting weakening economic activity. As a result, industry participants and market analysts pay close attention to this data, as it can significantly impact the crude oil market and provide insights into the overall health of the US economy.

Crude Oil Imports is an economic calendar event that highlights the change in the volume of imported crude oil into the United States. This information provides valuable insights into the overall health of the US energy sector and the nation's reliance on foreign oil supplies.

A positive change in the volume of crude oil imports indicates an increasing demand for oil, which could be driven by factors such as economic growth and rising industrial activity. Conversely, a decrease in crude oil imports may suggest a decline in demand or an increase in domestic oil production. This data can have a significant impact on the oil market and the value of the US dollar, as well as influencing the decisions of policymakers and investors.

Crude Oil Imports is typically monitored by energy market participants, economists, and policymakers, as it can provide useful insights into the dynamics of the energy market and potential shifts in global market trends. The data is released by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) on a weekly basis, and it is widely regarded as a key indicator of the US energy market's performance.

Distillate Fuel Production is an important economic indicator that provides insight into the overall energy production and demand in the United States. Distillate fuels, such as diesel and heating oil, are commonly used for a variety of purposes, including transportation, heating, and industrial processes. This data is closely monitored by both investors and policymakers as a measure of the health of the energy sector and the overall economy.

Increased distillate fuel production can result from rising demand due to economic growth, seasonal factors, or changes in energy policies. Conversely, decreased production can reflect weakening demand or supply disruptions. This indicator's fluctuations may impact the prices of distillate fuels, which in turn can affect consumer spending, inflation, and trade balances.

Distillate Fuel Production figures are typically released on a weekly basis by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), providing updated and relevant data for traders, investors, and businesses alike. Understanding the trends and patterns in this data can help inform decision-making processes and investment strategies.

The Energy Information Administration reports inventory levels of US crude oil, gasoline and distillates stocks. The figure shows how much oil and product is available in storage. The indicator gives an overview of US petroleum demand.

Gasoline Production is a significant economic calendar event that pertains to the United States. It indicates the volume of gasoline manufactured domestically on a weekly basis. The data is collected and published by the Energy Information Administration (EIA).

As gasoline is a key component in fueling the transportation sector, its production levels have a notable impact on energy prices, supply chains, and consequently, the overall economy. When gasoline production increases, it reflects positively on the industrial sector's performance and serves as an indicator of economic growth.

However, high gasoline production levels may also lead to an oversupply in the market, causing prices to drop. Investors and analysts track the Gasoline Production report to make informed decisions regarding the energy and transportation sectors' performance and predict the potential implications on the general economy.

Heating Oil Stockpiles is an economic calendar event that provides insights into the United States' current inventory levels of distillate fuel oil, which is primarily used for home heating purposes. These stockpiles are essentially reserves of heating oil that are stored, produced, and supplied to meet the country's demand during cold months and fluctuating market conditions.

Tracking heating oil stockpile trends can help investors gauge the overall health of the energy market and anticipate potential price fluctuations in heating oil. Significant changes in the stockpile levels may indicate disparities between supply and demand for the commodity, thus affecting its market price. These data can also provide valuable information about the performance and stability of refining companies, distributors, and other businesses within the oil and gas industry.

This economic calendar event is typically released by the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA) on a weekly basis. Investors, traders, and analysts closely monitor these data to formulate strategies and make informed decisions in the energy markets.

Gasoline Inventories measures the change in the number of barrels of commercial gasoline held in inventory by commercial firms during the reported week. The data influences the price of gasoline products which affects inflation.

The data has no consistent effect, there are both inflationary and growth implications.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS Primary Consumer Sentiment Index (PCSI) is a key economic indicator that measures consumer confidence levels in the United States. Conducted monthly by global market research firm Ipsos, the survey gathers data from a diverse sample of American households, providing insight into consumers' sentiment regarding the country's overall economic health.

The PCSI is derived from multiple questions assessing consumers' outlook on the national economy, personal finance, job market, and investment opportunities. These aspects are combined to generate a comprehensive and singular index score, offering valuable information to economists, investors, and policymakers.

A higher PCSI score typically indicates greater consumer optimism, which can lead to increased spending and overall economic growth. Conversely, a lower score may signal a decline in consumer confidence, resulting in reduced consumer spending and potential economic stagnation. Thus, the Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI serves as a valuable barometer for understanding current and potential consumer behavior in the United States.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI (Primary Consumer Sentiment Index) is a significant economic calendar event for Canada. This index measures the overall level of consumer confidence and sentiment in the national economy, allowing investors, analysts, and policymakers to understand the current state of the economy and make informed decisions based on the data.

Conducted by Thomson Reuters in partnership with the global market research firm IPSOS, the PCSI survey collects data from a representative sample of Canadian consumers. The respondents share their opinions on various aspects of the economy, such as personal finances, job security, and overall economic conditions. The index is calculated by evaluating these responses and assigning numeric scores to each of the components. A higher index level represents increased consumer confidence and optimism, while a lower level signifies pessimism or decreased confidence in the economy.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI is released on a monthly basis, providing a regular and up-to-date snapshot of consumer sentiment in Canada. The index plays an essential role in shaping monetary policy, as changes in consumer confidence can impact consumer spending, investment, and overall economic growth. As a result, the PCSI serves as a vital economic indicator for market participants and policymakers alike, helping them make well-informed decisions for the Canadian economy's betterment.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS Primary Consumer Sentiment Index (PCSI) is an economic calendar event in Mexico that measures the level of consumer confidence in the country. It provides valuable insights into household spending, overall economic well-being, and consumer attitude towards the country's current and future financial conditions.

This index is calculated through a worldwide monthly survey by Thomson Reuters and IPSOS, a global market research firm. The survey collects data on consumer expectations in numerous countries, including Mexico. The PCSI is a composite score derived from public opinions about current economic conditions, personal finances, employment prospects, and inflation expectations.

A higher PCSI score indicates positive sentiment among consumers, which could lead to increased household spending and economic growth. Conversely, a lower score reflects the pessimism in consumer sentiment and may result in reduced spending and weaker economic indicators. Economists, investors, and policymakers closely monitor the PCSI as it helps them understand consumer trends and make informed decisions to stimulate or stabilize the economy.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI (Primary Consumer Sentiment Index) is an event that is featured in the economic calendar for Argentina. This index provides a comprehensive insight into the overall consumer confidence levels within the country.

By measuring and analyzing consumer opinions and perceptions in areas such as local and national economic prospects, personal finances, employment, and investment scenarios, the PCSI helps businesses, government entities, and investors gauge the strength of the Argentine consumer market and population sentiment during a specified time frame.

The index consists of survey responses from a randomly-selected, representative sample of Argentine citizens, making it a key indicator of the country's economic health. A high PCSI value typically reflects a positive consumer outlook, while a low value suggests that consumers may be more pessimistic about the future. The PCSI is, thus, a vital data point for observing trends in consumer behavior and predicting potential repercussions on Argentina's economic climate.

The Thomson Reuters Ipsos Monthly Global Primary Consumer Sentiment Index is a composite index of 11 questions that run monthly via online polls in the countries surveyed. The data output is based on the views of a fresh, randomly selected representative sample each month of primary consumers aged 18-64 in the US and Canada and aged 16-62 in other countries. Primary consumers are a comparable, standardized and weighted group in each country based on a minimum level of education and income. The eleven questions capture consumer views on: 1. Current overall economic situation in country 2. Current state of economy in local area 3. Expectations of local economy in six months 4. Current personal financial situation rating 5. Expectations of personal financial situation in six months 6. Comfort in making major purchases 7. Comfort in making other household purchases 8. Confidence about job security 9. Confidence in ability to invest in the future 10. Experience with job loss as a result of economic conditions 11. Expectations of job loss as a result of economic conditions

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the RUB, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the RUB.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the RUB, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the RUB.

The Federal Budget Balance measures the difference in value between the federal government's income and expenditure during the reported month. A positive number indicates a budget surplus, a negative number indicates a deficit.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

Interest Rate Projection for the 1st year is an economic calendar event in the United States that forecasts the interest rates for the upcoming year. It provides valuable insights into the future trends of the interest rates, which can impact various aspects of the economy, such as borrowing costs, investment decisions, and currency valuations.

This projection is closely monitored by investors, businesses, and policymakers to make well-informed financial decisions and assess the overall health of the economy. By considering various factors like inflation, economic growth, unemployment rates, and other economic indicators, the projection sets expectations for future interest rates and helps in anticipating how the Federal Reserve might adjust its monetary policy in response to these factors.

The Interest Rate Projection - 2nd Yr event is an economic indicator that provides insights into the expected direction of interest rates within the United States for the second year. This projection is a valuable tool for investors, businesses, and policymakers to make informed decisions based on the anticipated movement of interest rates.

The Federal Reserve plays a crucial role in determining the interest rates and managing monetary policy. Interest Rate Projections are essential for assessing the overall health of the economy, inflation, and unemployment rates. These projections aid decision-makers in planning their investments and strategies according to future economic conditions. A higher interest rate typically signals a stronger economy, while a lower rate may indicate economic weakness or uncertainty.

The Interest Rate Projection for the 3rd year is a forward-looking economic indicator that provides an estimate of where interest rates could be in three years. It is a critical tool for central banks, economists, and financial market participants to gauge the future trajectory of monetary policy and the overall economic outlook in the United States.

This economic calendar event is based on various factors, such as inflation expectations, global economic developments, and the current stance of monetary policy. By analyzing these factors, the interest rate projection aims to provide a valuable insight into the anticipated interest rate environment, which can influence investment decisions, borrowing costs, and financial market stability.

It is essential to note that these projections are subject to revision, as economic conditions change and new information becomes available. As such, market participants closely monitor the release of these forecasts to assess the potential impact on interest rates, currency valuation, and other financial instruments.

The Interest Rate Projection - Current is an economic calendar event for the United States that reflects the market's expectations for future central bank interest rate decisions. Economists, analysts, and market participants use these projections to assess the likely short-term direction of interest rates, which can impact borrowing costs, investment decisions, and financial market activity.

These projections are based on various factors, such as economic growth, inflation, and employment data, as well as global economic developments and geopolitical risks. The Interest Rate Projection - Current is an essential tool for understanding the potential monetary policy direction and its implications for businesses, investors, and consumers.

The Interest Rate Projection - Longer is an economic calendar event for the United States that represents the long-term forecasts for interest rates. This projection, made by central banking authorities like the Federal Reserve, helps market participants and analysts better anticipate future economic developments and monetary policy decisions. The longer-term interest rate forecasts typically cover a period of several years.

These projections can have significant implications for the economy, as interest rates impact borrowing costs, investment decisions, and the value of assets. For instance, higher long-term interest rates can result in increased costs for borrowers, while lower rates can stimulate economic growth through more accessible credit. As such, the Interest Rate Projection - Longer is an essential event to keep an eye on in order to understand both the overall economic outlook and the potential implications for various sectors and financial instruments.

Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) members vote on where to set the rate. Traders watch interest rate changes closely as short term interest rates are the primary factor in currency valuation.

A higher than expected rate is positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected rate is negative/bearish for the USD.

This report includes the Federal Open Market Committee's (FOMC) projection for inflation and economic growth over the next 2 years. An important part of the report is the breakdown of individual FOMC members' interest rate forecasts.

The U.S. Federal Reserve's Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) statement is the primary tool the panel uses to communicate with investors about monetary policy. It contains the outcome of the vote on interest rates, discusses the economic outlook and offers clues on the outcome of future votes.

A more dovish than expected statement could be taken as negative/bearish for the USD, while a more hawkish than expected statement could be taken as positive/bullish for the USD.

The FOMC Press Conference is a crucial event on the economic calendar for the United States. It is held by the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) and serves as a platform for the Chairman of the Federal Reserve to communicate their views on the current state of the economy, monetary policy, interest rates, and future expectations.

Different subjects discussed during the conference range from inflation, growth outlook, labor market conditions to global economic developments. These insights are vital for financial market participants, as they offer valuable information from the central bank, which in turn influences investment decisions and market reactions.

Analyzing the FOMC Press Conference is essential for traders and investors alike, as the information revealed during the conference can cause significant market movements and create opportunities for profit or potential risk. Keeping a close eye on the conference can provide valuable insights into the direction of monetary policy and its subsequent effects on the economy and financial markets.

The Interest Rate Decision is an important economic calendar event for Saudi Arabia, as it reflects the decision made by the Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority (SAMA) on the country's benchmark interest rate. The benchmark interest rate is a crucial factor in determining the cost of borrowing for businesses and households, as well as influencing investment flows and overall economic activity.

A change in the interest rate can have a significant impact on various sectors of the economy, including consumption, investment, and international trade. This decision is typically based on an assessment of domestic and global economic conditions, including factors such as inflation, economic growth, and financial market stability.

Investors, traders, and businesses closely monitor the Interest Rate Decision, as it can provide insight into the monetary policy stance of the central bank and potential future developments in the economy. An increase in the interest rate may signal a tightening of monetary policy, while a decrease may indicate an expansionary stance.

The Interest Rate Decision is a highly anticipated economic event in Kuwait, where the Central Bank of Kuwait announces whether it will raise, lower, or maintain its benchmark interest rate. This crucial monetary policy decision has a significant impact on the economic outlook and the financial markets in the country.

Central banks use interest rates as a tool to manage inflation, economic growth, and employment. A higher interest rate often leads to a stronger currency, as it attracts foreign investment and encourages saving, while a lower interest rate stimulates economic growth by making borrowing cheaper and encouraging consumer spending.

The Interest Rate Decision is closely monitored by investors, businesses, and policymakers, as it provides insights into the Central Bank's views on the current and future state of the economy, and guides their expectations and decisions accordingly.

The Central Bank of United Arab Emirates (CBUAE) Monetary Policy Committee's decision on where to set the benchmark interest rate. Traders watch interest rate changes closely as short term interest rates are the primary factor in currency valuation. A higher than expected rate is positive/bullish for the AED, while a lower than expected rate is negative/bearish for the AED.

The Interest Rate Decision is a significant economic calendar event for Bahrain, as it represents the Central Bank of Bahrain's (CBB) decision on the country's key policy interest rate. As Bahrain's central bank, the CBB is responsible for implementing monetary policy and maintaining the stability of the country's financial system in order to promote sustainable economic growth.

This event often attracts the attention of investors, businesses, and policymakers, as the interest rate decision can have direct and indirect effects on various sectors of the economy, including inflation, consumer spending, credit availability, and overall economic growth. Higher interest rates typically lead to a stronger currency, increased savings, and slowed economic activity, while lower interest rates can stimulate spending, boost employment, and encourage economic expansion.

By carefully monitoring the interest rate decision event, investors, businesses and policymakers can make informed decisions based on the CBB's assessment of the current and future state of the Bahraini economy. Additionally, the accompanying statement from the central bank often provides helpful insights into the rationale behind the decision and the bank's outlook on the country's economic trajectory.

The Interest Rate Decision is a key economic event where Qatar's central bank announces adjustments to the country's benchmark interest rate. This decision directly influences the cost of borrowing money and the return on savings, impacting consumer spending, investment, and overall economic activity. Changes in interest rates can also affect inflation, currency value, and financial markets. Typically undertaken to control inflation and stabilize the economy, the interest rate decision is closely monitored by investors, businesses, and policymakers, as it provides insights into the central bank's economic outlook and monetary policy stance. The decision is based on current economic conditions, including growth rates, inflation trends, and external economic factors.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for ""non-commercial"" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The CFTC Corn Speculative Net Positions report is an economic calendar event for the United States that provides insights into the positions held by various market participants in the corn futures market. The data is gathered and released by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). The report gives an indication of the level of bullishness or bearishness among traders, as well as their sentiments towards the corn market.

The CFTC releases its Commitments of Traders (COT) report on a weekly basis, outlining the net long and short positions taken by speculators, such as hedge funds and individual traders, as well as commercial hedgers, in various commodity markets. The CFTC Corn Speculative Net Positions specifically focuses on the corn market, providing valuable information about the overall market sentiment and potential future price movements.

Investors and traders often monitor the CFTC Corn Speculative Net Positions to identify trends and potential shifts in market sentiment, as changes in net positions can signal potential price movements in corn futures. A significant increase in net long positions can indicate bullish sentiment, while a substantial increase in net short positions can signal bearish sentiment.

The CFTC Crude Oil Speculative Net Positions report is a weekly publication by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) in the United States. The report provides insights into the positions held by various market participants, including commercial traders, non-commercial traders, and non-reportable traders. The data is derived from the Commitment of Traders (COT) reports and serves as an essential tool for traders to gauge market sentiment in crude oil futures.

This economic calendar event is important for traders and investors as it reveals the overall market positioning and sheds light on the potential changes in supply or demand. Changes in speculative net positions may influence the crude oil prices, either directly or indirectly, by affecting the market sentiment and the perception of future price trends.

Traders and investors typically monitor the CFTC Crude Oil Speculative Net Positions report to identify trends and potential turning points in the crude oil market. By analyzing the shifts in speculative positioning, market participants can make informed trading decisions and adjust their strategies accordingly.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The CFTC Nasdaq 100 Speculative Net Positions event is an economic indicator released weekly by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). The data provides insight into the sentiment of institutional investors and speculators in the U.S. stock market, specifically focusing on the Nasdaq 100 Index.

Speculative positions, both long (buy) and short (sell), are reported based on the trading activities of hedge funds, money managers, and other speculative investors. The net position equals the difference between the long and short positions reported by the CFTC. A positive net position indicates that speculative investors are bullish and expect market prices to rise, while a negative net position signifies that they are bearish and anticipate a market decline.

Market participants use this information to gauge investor sentiment, which can help in making informed decisions in the stock market. It is important to note that the data is mainly intended to provide a snapshot of market sentiment and may not necessarily reflect future price movements of the Nasdaq 100 Index.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for ""non-commercial"" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The CFTC Soybeans Speculative Net Positions is an economic calendar event that represents the weekly data of the net positions held by speculative traders in the soybean futures market. This report, published by the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), is used by market participants to gain insights into market sentiment and potential future price movements of soybeans.

Net positions are the difference between long (buy) and short (sell) positions held by speculative traders. A higher net position indicates a bullish sentiment, suggesting that traders anticipate higher prices for soybeans in the future, while a lower net position implies a bearish sentiment, signaling an expectation of falling prices. Monitoring changes in the CFTC Soybeans Speculative Net Positions can provide valuable insights into the market dynamics and potential trends for soybean prices, which are essential for businesses, investors, and traders alike.

The CFTC Wheat Speculative Net Positions report is a weekly publication by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). It provides insights into the net positions held by speculative traders, including hedge funds and large individual investors, in the wheat futures market. This data serves as a valuable indicator of the overall sentiment and potential future price movements in the wheat market.

Speculative net positions are calculated by subtracting the total number of short positions (bets on falling prices) from the total number of long positions (bets on rising prices) held by speculative traders. A positive net position reflects a bullish sentiment, while a negative net position indicates a bearish sentiment in the market.

Traders and investors use this report to gauge potential trends and price movements in the wheat futures market. Significant changes in speculative net positions can signal shifts in market sentiment and prompt corresponding reactions in wheat prices. However, it is crucial to consider other fundamental factors and technical indicators when utilizing this data to make informed trading decisions.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for "non-commercial" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) weekly Commitments of Traders (COT) report provides a breakdown of the net positions for ""non-commercial"" (speculative) traders in U.S. futures markets. All data corresponds to positions held by participants primarily based in Chicago and New York futures markets. The Commitments of Traders report is considered an indicator for analyzing market sentiment and many speculative traders use the data to help them decide whether or not to take a long or short position. Commitments of Traders (COT) data is released each Friday at 3:30pm Eastern Time, pending a holiday in the U.S., to reflect the commitments of traders on the prior Tuesday.

The Central Bank of Brazil's (BCB) Monetary Policy Committee votes on where to set the overnight interest rate. Traders watch interest rate changes closely as short term interest rates are the primary factor in currency valuation.

A higher than expected rate is positive/bullish for the BRL, while a lower than expected rate is negative/bearish for the BRL.

Manufacturing Sales measures the change in the overall value of sales made by manufacturers.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the NZD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the NZD.

The Business Sentiment Index (BSI) Large Manufacturing Conditions Index measures business sentiment in manufacturing. The data is derived from a survey of large Japanese manufacturers. It is a key indicator of the strength of the Japanese economy, which relies heavily on the manufacturing industry. A level above zero indicates improving conditions; a level below indicates worsening conditions. This survey may help to predict the Bank of Japan's Tankan Large Manufacturing Index which is generally released about a week later.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

Balance of payments is a set of accounts recording all economic transactions between the residents of the country and the rest of the world in a given period of time, usually one year. Payments into the country are called credits, payments out of the country are called debits. There are three main components of a balance of payments: - current account - capital account - financial account Either a surplus or a deficit can be shown in any of these components. Balance of payments shows strenghts and weaknesses in a country's economy and therefore helps to achieve balanced economic growth. The release of a balance of payments can have a significant effect on the exchange rate of a national currency against other currencies. It is also important to investors of domestic companies that depend on exports. Securities investment, contract basis. Securities investment refers to flows from the public sector excluding Bank of Japan. Bonds include beneficiary certificates but exclude all bills. The Net data shows the difference of capital inflow and outflow.

Foreign Bonds Buying number measures the flow from the public sector excluding Bank of Japan. The Net data shows the difference of capital inflow and outflow. A positive difference indicates net sales of foreign securities by residents (capital inflow), and a negative difference indicates net purchases of foreign securities by residents (capital outflow). A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the JPY, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) House Price Balance measures the percentage of surveyors reporting a house price increase in their designated area. A level above 0.0% indicates more surveyors reported a rise in prices; below indicates more reported a fall. The report is a leading indicator of house price inflation as surveyors have access to the latest price data.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

Employment Change measures the change in the number of people employed. Job creation is an important indicator of consumer spending.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the AUD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the AUD.

Full employment describes a situation in which all available labor resources are being used in the most economically efficient way. Economists usually define it as the acceptable level of unemployment above 0%. This means that the unemployment rate is frictional and results from workers who are in between jobs and are still part of the labor force.

A reading that is stronger than forecast is generally supportive (bullish) for the AUD, while a weaker than forecast reading is generally negative (bearish) for the AUD.

The participation rate is an important indicator of the supply of labour. It measures the share of the working-age population either working or looking for work. The number of people who are no longer actively searching for work would not be included in the participation rate.

A reading that is stronger than forecast is generally supportive (bullish) for the AUD, while a weaker than forecast reading is generally negative (bearish) for the AUD.

The Unemployment Rate measures the percentage of the total work force that is unemployed and actively seeking employment during the previous month.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the AUD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the AUD.

The Swedish Public Employment Service's unemployment statistics are business statistics, retrieved directly from the authority's database. The employment service's statistics are based on individuals who are registered as unemployed in the authority's database.

The most popular index for evaluating Swedish inflation is the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The CPI is a time-series measure of fluctuations in prices for goods and services purchased by households nationwide. Another inflation related index is the Consumer Price Index with Fixed Interest Rate (CPIF) m/m. CPIF is calculated monthly based on the same data that is used for the main CPI calculation. However, the direct impact of changes in the monetary policy is excluded from the calculation. It is believed that the Riksbank's monetary policy affects the CPI through changes in mortgage rates. The index shows the change in the current month compared to the previous one.

The most popular index for evaluating Swedish inflation is the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The CPI is a time-series measure of fluctuations in prices for goods and services purchased by households nationwide. Another inflation related index is the Consumer Price Index with Fixed Interest Rate (CPIF) y/y. CPIF is calculated monthly based on the same data that is used for the main CPI calculation. However, the direct impact of changes in the monetary policy is excluded from the calculation. It is believed that the Riksbank's monetary policy affects the CPI through changes in mortgage rates. However, these changes are not connected with the underlying inflationary pressure. The index shows the change in the current month compared to the same month of the previous year.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SEK, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SEK.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SEK, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SEK.

Sweden, Consumer Prices, By Commodity, Special Indexes, Underlying CPIF, Index. The Underlying Inflation Rate according to CPIF (CPI at constant interest rates) differs from CPI by keeping interest rate for households mortgage interest payment at a constant rate. CPIF is calculated on request fromSveriges Riksbank (the Swedish central bank).

Sweden, Consumer Prices, By Commodity, Special Indexes, Underlying CPIF, Index. The Underlying Inflation Rate according to CPIF (CPI at constant interest rates) differs from CPI by keeping interest rate for households mortgage interest payment at a constant rate. CPIF is calculated on request fromSveriges Riksbank (the Swedish central bank).

The Monetary Policy Committee votes on where to set the overnight interest rate. Traders watch interest rate changes closely as short term interest rates are the primary factor in currency valuation. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PHP , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PHP.

The Retail Sales is a monthly measurement of all goods sold by retailers based on a sampling of retail stores of different types and sizes in Turkey excluding auto. It is an important indicator of consumer spending and also correlated to consumer confidence. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the TRY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the TRY.

The Retail Sales is a monthly measurement of all goods sold by retailers based on a sampling of retail stores of different types and sizes in Turkey excluding auto. It is an important indicator of consumer spending and also correlated to consumer confidence. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the TRY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the TRY.

Swiss National Bank (SNB) governing board members come to a consensus on where to set the target range for the rate. Traders watch interest rate changes closely as short term interest rates are the primary factor in currency valuation.

A higher than expected rate is positive/bullish for the CHF, while a lower than expected rate is negative/bearish for the CHF.

The SNB Monetary Policy Assessment is an important economic event in Switzerland. Conducted by the Swiss National Bank (SNB), this quarterly assessment provides crucial insights and opinions on the country's current monetary policies, as well as potential updates or changes in the policy framework.

During this assessment, the SNB's Governing Board reviews key economic indicators, including GDP growth, inflation rates, and employment, and considers the performance of these indicators from both a domestic and global perspective. The purpose of this analysis is to determine the suitability of current monetary policy measures and ensure their effectiveness in promoting and maintaining financial stability.

Market participants and investors carefully analyze the SNB Monetary Policy Assessment, as it can provide valuable information about the future direction of Swiss monetary policy. Changes to the policy framework, such as adjustments to interest rates or the exchange rate peg, can have a significant impact on the Swiss economy, financial markets, and the Swiss Franc's value relative to other currencies.

The International Energy Agency Monthly Oil Market Report covers major issues affecting the world oil market and provides an outlook for crude oil market developments for the coming year. The report provides a detailed analysis of key developments impacting oil market trends in world oil demand, supply as well as the oil market balance.

Gold Production is a significant economic calendar event for South Africa, considering the importance of the precious metal in the country's economy. This event sheds light on the amount of gold produced during a specific period, providing valuable insight into the performance of the country's mining industry and overall economic health.

A higher-than-expected gold production level typically results in a positive outlook for South Africa's economy, reflecting growth and development in the mining sector. On the other hand, a lower-than-expected level could indicate challenges within the industry, potentially affecting South Africa's economic stability and attractiveness for investments.

Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) publishes monthly mining production indices and mineral sales based on the information furnished by the Department of Mineral Resources and Energy (DMRE). The results of this survey are used to calculate the volume of mining production indices in order to estimate the gross domestic product (GDP) and its components, which in turn are used to develop and monitor government policy.

The SNB Press Conference is an economic calendar event for Switzerland, where the Swiss National Bank (SNB) communicates its monetary policy decisions to the public. This conference typically occurs quarterly, following the release of the SNB's interest rate decision and monetary policy assessment.

During the press conference, the central bank provides insights into its economic outlook, inflation forecasts, and the factors influencing its policy decisions. Financial market participants closely follow the press conference as it can provide clues about future changes in monetary policy, interest rates, or potential interventions in the foreign exchange market.

Significant policy announcements or shifts in economic projections by the SNB can lead to fluctuations in the Swiss franc's exchange rate or affect the country's financial markets, making this event important for traders and investors focused on Swiss assets.

Bank of England (BOE) Governor Andrew Bailey (Mar 2020 - Mar 2028) is to speak. As head of the BOE's Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) which controls short term interest rates, Bailey has more influence over sterling's value than any other person. Traders scrutinize his public engagements for clues regarding future monetary policy. His comments may spark a short-term positive or negative trend.

Eurogroup Meetings are a significant event on the economic calendar that brings together finance ministers from the 19 Eurozone countries to discuss and coordinate fiscal policies. These meetings, held regularly throughout the year, provide an important platform for exchange on the common currency, the euro, and the economic health of the Eurozone.

During these meetings, decision-makers from Eurozone member states work together to address ongoing challenges, create opportunities for growth, and maintain financial stability within the region. Key topics discussed during Eurogroup Meetings include budgetary policies, macroeconomic imbalances, financial reforms, and adherence to commonly agreed economic rules and guidelines.

The outcomes of Eurogroup Meetings can have a meaningful impact on financial markets, as decisions or policy shifts can influence investor sentiment, foreign exchange rates, and long-term fiscal strategies. As such, investors and financial analysts closely follow the developments from these meetings to assess the future direction of the Eurozone economy and make informed decisions about investments and trading strategies.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI (Primary Consumer Sentiment Index) is an important economic calendar event for the United Kingdom that provides valuable insights into consumer confidence within the country. This index offers a snapshot of the overall consumer sentiment by gauging their levels of optimism or pessimism regarding the economy, personal finance, job security, and other relevant criteria.

As a monthly survey, the Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI serves as a leading economic indicator and has a notable impact on the direction of consumer spending and economic growth. An increase in the index suggests a rise in consumer confidence, which can lead to increased spending and investment, contributing positively to economic activities. Conversely, a decrease in the index indicates declining consumer confidence, which may result in reduced spending and a subsequent slowdown in economic growth.

For investors, traders, and policymakers, the Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI serves as a vital tool to gauge the overall health of the United Kingdom's economy and to make informed decisions for the future course of action.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI (Primary Consumer Sentiment Index) is an economic calendar event in Sweden that measures the overall sentiment of the Swedish consumers. Gaining insights into consumer sentiment is important as it reflects the confidence and optimism of the population towards the nation's economy.

The PCSI is based on a survey, conducted monthly by global market research company Ipsos, on various aspects of the population, such as personal finances, job security, national economic conditions, and investment intentions. The index is calculated using an aggregation of these survey results, providing an overview of consumer confidence in Sweden.

Higher index numbers indicate a higher level of consumer optimism, while lower numbers suggest growing pessimism. Financial markets and policymakers monitor the PCSI to analyze trends and make informed decisions, as the index can be an early indicator of potential economic growth or decline, and offers insight on consumer spending patterns.

The Thomson Reuters Ipsos Monthly Global Primary Consumer Sentiment Index is a composite index of 11 questions that run monthly via online polls in the countries surveyed. The data output is based on the views of a fresh, randomly selected representative sample each month of primary consumers aged 18-64 in the US and Canada and aged 16-62 in other countries. Primary consumers are a comparable, standardized and weighted group in each country based on a minimum level of education and income. The eleven questions capture consumer views on: 1. Current overall economic situation in country 2. Current state of economy in local area 3. Expectations of local economy in six months 4. Current personal financial situation rating 5. Expectations of personal financial situation in six months 6. Comfort in making major purchases 7. Comfort in making other household purchases 8. Confidence about job security 9. Confidence in ability to invest in the future 10. Experience with job loss as a result of economic conditions 11. Expectations of job loss as a result of economic conditions

The Thomson Reuters Ipsos Monthly Global Primary Consumer Sentiment Index is a composite index of 11 questions that run monthly via online polls in the countries surveyed. The data output is based on the views of a fresh, randomly selected representative sample each month of primary consumers aged 18-64 in the US and Canada and aged 16-62 in other countries. Primary consumers are a comparable, standardized and weighted group in each country based on a minimum level of education and income. The eleven questions capture consumer views on: 1. Current overall economic situation in country 2. Current state of economy in local area 3. Expectations of local economy in six months 4. Current personal financial situation rating 5. Expectations of personal financial situation in six months 6. Comfort in making major purchases 7. Comfort in making other household purchases 8. Confidence about job security 9. Confidence in ability to invest in the future 10. Experience with job loss as a result of economic conditions 11. Expectations of job loss as a result of economic conditions

The Thomson Reuters Ipsos Monthly Global Primary Consumer Sentiment Index is a composite index of 11 questions that run monthly via online polls in the countries surveyed. The data output is based on the views of a fresh, randomly selected representative sample each month of primary consumers aged 18-64 in the US and Canada and aged 16-62 in other countries. Primary consumers are a comparable, standardized and weighted group in each country based on a minimum level of education and income. The eleven questions capture consumer views on: 1. Current overall economic situation in country 2. Current state of economy in local area 3. Expectations of local economy in six months 4. Current personal financial situation rating 5. Expectations of personal financial situation in six months 6. Comfort in making major purchases 7. Comfort in making other household purchases 8. Confidence about job security 9. Confidence in ability to invest in the future 10. Experience with job loss as a result of economic conditions 11. Expectations of job loss as a result of economic conditions

The Export number, is the total US dollar amount of merchandise exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the ILS, while a lower than expected number as negative

The Imports number provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. A lower than expected number should be taken as positive to the ILS, while a higher than expected number as negative

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the ILS , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the ILS.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS Primary Consumer Sentiment Index (PCSI) is an important monthly economic indicator that measures the level of consumer confidence in Israel. It reflects the financial expectations and overall sentiment of Israeli households regarding the national economy, job prospects, personal finances, and investment opportunities.

This economic calendar event is closely monitored by market participants, as it can provide valuable insights into the current state of the consumer sector, which is a major component of the Israeli economy. A higher PCSI score suggests that consumers are feeling more optimistic and are likely to increase their spending, thereby boosting the economy, while a lower score indicates weaker consumer sentiment and a potential slowdown in economic growth.

The index is calculated using survey data collected by Ipsos, a global market research company, in partnership with Thomson Reuters, a leading multinational information provider. Investors, analysts, and policymakers use the PCSI results to make informed decisions and to evaluate the overall health of Israel's economic landscape.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS Primary Consumer Sentiment Index (PCSI) is a highly regarded economic indicator released on a monthly basis. The index measures the level of consumer confidence in various countries, including Spain. It captures consumers' attitudes towards the current and future economic circumstances, which can have a significant impact on consumers' spending patterns.

A higher level of the PCSI suggests that consumers are optimistic about the economy, which may lead to increased spending and support economic growth. Conversely, a lower level indicates consumers are more cautious and may reduce their spending, potentially hindering economic growth. Investors, policymakers, and businesses closely follow the PCSI as it provides valuable insights into the overall health of the country's economy and consumer behavior.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and

The EU Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices is calculated in each Member State ofthe European Union. The purpose of this index is to allow the comparison of consumer price trends in the different Member States. The following items, constituting approximately 8% of the Irish CPI expenditure weighting, are still excluded from the HICP: mortgage interest, dwelling insurance (non-service), building materials, hospital charges, union subscriptions, motor cycle tax, house insurance content (non-service), motor car tax and motor car insurance (non-service).

The EU Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices is calculated in each Member State ofthe European Union. The purpose of this index is to allow the comparison of consumer price trends in the different Member States. The following items, constituting approximately 8% of the Irish CPI expenditure weighting, are still excluded from the HICP: mortgage interest, dwelling insurance (non-service), building materials, hospital charges, union subscriptions, motor cycle tax, house insurance content (non-service), motor car tax and motor car insurance (non-service).

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI, also known as the Primary Consumer Sentiment Index, is a significant economic calendar event for Belgium. This index is designed to measure the overall consumer confidence and sentiment in Belgium's economy.

Being a monthly indicator, the data is collected through surveys conducted by IPSOS, a global market research firm, in collaboration with Thomson Reuters, a multinational information company. The survey targets a diverse range of Belgian consumers to gauge their perceptions on current and future economic conditions, personal financial situation, major purchases, and their job security.

A higher score on this index indicates increased consumer optimism, which in turn can influence spending and investments, ultimately boosting economic growth. Conversely, a lower score signals weakened consumer confidence, possibly leading to reduced spending and slower economic growth. Therefore, investors, policymakers, and businesses closely monitor the Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI to make informed decisions based on evolving financial market trends and sentiments.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI, or Primary Consumer Sentiment Index, is an economic calendar event for Saudi Arabia. This index is a monthly measure of consumer confidence and economic optimism in the country. The data is collected through a survey conducted by the market research firm, Ipsos, in partnership with Thomson Reuters, a multinational media conglomerate.

The index assesses the public's perception of the current economic situation, outlook for the future, personal financial situation, and spending habits. It serves as a vital indicator for understanding consumer behavior, preferences, and expectations, which can impact the overall economic growth and development of the country.

A higher index value indicates a positive sentiment among consumers, suggesting increased economic optimism, while a lower value signifies a more negative outlook. As a result, policymakers, businesses, and investors closely monitor and analyze the Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI event for making informed decisions.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI (Primary Consumer Sentiment Index) is an important event on Poland's economic calendar. It serves as an indicator of consumer confidence within the country, making it an essential economic measure for investors, businesses, and policymakers.

As a collaborative effort between Thomson Reuters and IPSOS, this monthly survey measures the overall sentiment and spending intentions of Polish consumers. It covers various aspects such as personal finances, unemployment, and national economic outlook, thereby providing an extensive understanding of the country's consumer market.

A high PCSI reading indicates increased consumer confidence, potentially leading to increased spending and investment, while a low reading signals decreasing confidence and possible economic setbacks. As such, the Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI plays a vital role in shaping Poland's economic growth and financial stability.

The Thomson Reuters Ipsos Monthly Global Primary Consumer Sentiment Index is a composite index of 11 questions that run monthly via online polls in the countries surveyed. The data output is based on the views of a fresh, randomly selected representative sample each month of primary consumers aged 18-64 in the US and Canada and aged 16-62 in other countries. Primary consumers are a comparable, standardized and weighted group in each country based on a minimum level of education and income. The eleven questions capture consumer views on: 1. Current overall economic situation in country 2. Current state of economy in local area 3. Expectations of local economy in six months 4. Current personal financial situation rating 5. Expectations of personal financial situation in six months 6. Comfort in making major purchases 7. Comfort in making other household purchases 8. Confidence about job security 9. Confidence in ability to invest in the future 10. Experience with job loss as a result of economic conditions 11. Expectations of job loss as a result of economic conditions

The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey's (CBRT) Monetary Policy Committee votes on where to set the overnight interest rate. Traders watch interest rate changes closely as short term interest rates are the primary factor in currency valuation.

A higher than expected rate is positive/bullish for the TRY, while a lower than expected rate is negative/bearish for the TRY.

The overnight rate is the rate at which large banks borrow and lend from one another in the overnight market. The overnight rate is the lowest available interest rate, and as such, it is only available to the most creditworthy institutions.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the TRY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the TRY.

The overnight rate is the rate at which large banks borrow and lend from one another in the overnight market. The overnight rate is the lowest available interest rate, and as such, it is only available to the most creditworthy institutions.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the TRY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the TRY.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS Primary Consumer Sentiment Index (PCSI) is an important economic calendar event that measures the overall consumer confidence and economic outlook in Hungary. It provides a snapshot of consumers' perceptions regarding the national economy, personal finance, job security, and willingness to make significant purchases.

This index is based on a monthly survey conducted by Thomson Reuters in collaboration with IPSOS, a leading global market research firm. The survey participants are chosen to be representative of the population and are asked a series of questions related to various aspects of the economy. The responses are then consolidated into an overall index, which can range from 0 to 100.

A higher PCSI value indicates a greater level of confidence among consumers towards the economy, which can lead to increased consumer spending, investments, and overall economic growth. Conversely, a lower value signifies a less favorable outlook, potentially resulting in lower consumer spending and cautious behavior. As such, the Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI is closely watched by investors, businesses, and policymakers to gauge the health of the economy and make informed decisions.

Manufacturing Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the ZAR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the ZAR.

Manufacturing Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the ZAR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the ZAR.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS Primary Consumer Sentiment Index (PCSI) is an economic calendar event for South Africa, reflecting the nation's overall consumer sentiment. A survey conducted by leading market research firm IPSOS, in partnership with Thomson Reuters, measures consumer confidence in the country's economy through a number of key aspects.

The data gathered through this survey helps gauge the overall outlook of consumers, including their attitudes toward current and future economic conditions, personal financial situations, and willingness to make significant purchases. As a leading indicator, the PCSI offers valuable insights into consumer behavior, investment trends, and the potential direction of the country's economy.

The Serbian Benchmark Interest Rate, also known as the key policy rate, is the main interest rate set by the National Bank of Serbia (NBS). It serves as a basis for determining the cost of borrowing on loans and the return on savings in the country. As one of the essential tools for implementing monetary policy, the benchmark interest rate is crucial for controlling inflation and maintaining economic stability.

When the NBS raises the benchmark interest rate, it aims to discourage excessive borrowing and spending, which can lead to inflation. On the other hand, lowering the interest rate is meant to stimulate borrowing, investment, and overall economic growth. Hence, the benchmark interest rate is a crucial indicator of the NBS's stance on monetary policy and can highly influence financial markets and the Serbian economy.

The Interest Rate Decision is a major economic calendar event in Ukraine and refers to the announcement made by the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) regarding their key policy interest rate. This rate, also known as the discount rate or refinancing rate, significantly influences overall monetary policy and plays a crucial role in steering short-term interest rates throughout the economy.

The NBU's Monetary Policy Committee usually convenes eight times a year to review existing economic conditions, assess inflation trends, and decide whether a change in the key policy rate is necessary. An increase in the interest rate is typically implemented in response to rising inflation concerns, while a decrease may signify an attempt at stimulating economic growth by making borrowing more affordable for businesses and consumers.

Markets and investors pay close attention to the Interest Rate Decision, as it is a key indicator of Ukraine's monetary policy stance. Changes in interest rates can consequently lead to fluctuations in the financial markets and directly affect the foreign exchange rate of the Ukrainian hryvnia. The interest rate announcement often comes with a press release and sometimes a press conference, providing further insights into the NBU's current policy approach and its future expectations.

FX Reserves measures the foreign assets held or controlled by the country's central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specific currency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans.

The OPEC Monthly Oil Market Report covers major issues affecting the world oil market and provides an outlook for crude oil market developments for the coming year. The report provides a detailed analysis of key developments impacting oil market trends in world oil demand, supply as well as the oil market balance.

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the BRL, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the BRL.

Retail Sales measure the change in the total value of inflation-adjusted sales at the retail level. It is the foremost indicator of consumer spending, which accounts for the majority of overall economic activity.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the BRL while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the BRL.

The Interest Rate Decision is a crucial economic calendar event in Hong Kong. It reflects the decision made by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) regarding the base interest rate, which is the rate at which Hong Kong banks lend money to one another. The rate is set to maintain monetary and financial stability in the city.

Financial market participants closely monitor the interest rate decision, as changes in the interest rate can affect borrowing costs, investment decisions, capital flows, foreign exchange rates, and inflation. When the HKMA increases the rate, it signifies a tighter monetary policy, aiming to slow inflation and stabilize the economy. Conversely, a decrease in the interest rate indicates a more accommodative monetary policy, aimed at stimulating economic growth and reducing unemployment.

The interest rate decision is usually accompanied by a statement from the HKMA, providing further context and guidance on future monetary policies. Investors, businesses, and policymakers closely follow these communications to anticipate potential future economic trends and make informed decisions.

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD.

Continuing Jobless Claims measures the number of unemployed individuals who qualify for benefits under unemployment insurance.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD.

Initial Jobless Claims measures the number of individuals who filed for unemployment insurance for the first time during the past week. This is the earliest U.S. economic data, but the market impact varies from week to week.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD.

Initial Jobless Claims measures the number of individuals who filed for unemployment insurance for the first time during the past week.

As the week to week numbers might be very volatile, the four week moving average smooths the weekly data and used for the initial jobless claims metric A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD.

 The exports number provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the CAD, while a lower than expected number as negative

The Imports number measures any good or service brought into one country from another country in a legitimate fashion, typically for use in trade. Import goods or services are provided to domestic consumers by foreign producers. A lower than expected number should be taken as positive to the CAD, while a higher than expected number as negative

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CAD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CAD.

Wholesale Inventories measures the change in the total value of goods held in inventory by wholesalers.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the USD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the USD.

Change in the total value of sales at the wholesale level.

The Energy Information Administration (EIA) Natural Gas Storage report measures the change in the number of cubic feet of natural gas held in underground storage during the past week.

While this is a U.S. indicator it tends to have a greater impact on the Canadian dollar, due to Canada's sizable energy sector.

If the increase in natural gas inventories is more than expected, it implies weaker demand and is bearish for natural gas prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is less than expected.

If the increase in natural gas is less than expected, it implies greater demand and is bullish for natural gas prices. The same can be said if a decline in inventories is more than expected.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the rate on the Treasury Bill auctioned.

U.S. Treasury Bills have maturities of a few days to one year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Bill represents the return an investor will receive by holding the bill for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the rate on the Treasury Bill auctioned.U.S. Treasury Bills have maturities of a few days to one year. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Bill represents the return an investor will receive by holding the bill for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid. Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The figures displayed in the calendar represent the yield on the Treasury Bond auctioned.

U.S. Treasury Bonds have maturities from ten up to 30 years. Governments issue treasuries to borrow money to cover the gap between the amount they receive in taxes and the amount they spend to refinance existing debt and/or to raise capital. The rate on a Treasury Bond represents the return an investor will receive by holding the bond for its entire duration. All bidders receive the same rate at the highest accepted bid.

Yield fluctuations should be monitored closely as an indicator of the government debt situation. Investors compare the average rate at auction to the rate at previous auctions of the same security.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the ARS, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the ARS.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the ARS, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the ARS.

The National Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a critical economic indicator released by Argentina's National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INDEC). The CPI measures the average change in prices over time that consumers pay for a basket of goods and services, typical of urban households.

This includes categories like food, housing, apparel, transportation, electronics, medical care, and other goods and services. A rise in the index signifies inflation, depicting that consumers need to spend more to maintain the same standard of living. Conversely, a drop indicates deflation.

Economists, central banks, and investors closely monitor CPI since it provides insight into the country's inflationary or deflationary pressures, a key market mover. This data, especially if it differs from market expectations, can cause substantial shifts in financial markets.

The export prices number tracks price changes of goods. The figure is used to determine whether a change in the headline Export figure is representative of an increase of goods sold to foreign nations or just an increase in the price of export goods. The headline figure is the percentage change in the index from either the previous month or year. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the KRW, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The Import Price Index measures the change in the price of imported goods purchased domestically.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the KRW, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the KRW.

The Business NZ Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) measures the activity level of purchasing managers in the manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion; a reading below 50 indicates contraction. It gives an indication about the health of the manufacturing section and production growth in New Zealand.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the NZD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the NZD.

The Fed balance sheet is a statement listing the assets and liabilities of the Federal Reserve System. Details of the Fed's balance sheet are disclosed by the Fed in a weekly report called "Factors Affecting Reserve Balances."

Reserve Balances with Federal Reserve Banks is the amount of money that depository institutions maintain in their accounts at their regional Federal Reserve Banks.

This release provide information on the number and value of electronic card transactions with New Zealand-based merchants. Data include transactions using debit (eftpos), credit, and charge cards. Transactions by overseas cardholders in New Zealand are included; transactions by New Zealand cardholders overseas are excluded. The figure gives hint of strength in the retail sector and influences interest rate decisions.

A reading that is stronger than forecast is generally supportive (bullish) for the NZD, while a weaker than forecast reading is generally negative (bearish) for the NZD.

This release provide information on the number and value of electronic card transactions with New Zealand-based merchants. Data include transactions using debit (eftpos), credit, and charge cards. Transactions by overseas cardholders in New Zealand are included; transactions by New Zealand cardholders overseas are excluded. The figure gives hint of strength in the retail sector and influences interest rate decisions.

A reading that is stronger than forecast is generally supportive (bullish) for the NZD, while a weaker than forecast reading is generally negative (bearish) for the NZD.

The Central Reserve Bank of Peru's Monetary Policy Committee decision on where to set the benchmark interest rate. Traders watch interest rate changes closely as short term interest rates are the primary factor in currency valuation.

A higher than expected rate is positive/bullish for the PEN, while a lower than expected rate is negative/bearish for the PEN.

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the PEN , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the PEN.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS Primary Consumer Sentiment Index (PCSI) is a key economic calendar event for South Korea that gauges the overall confidence and financial outlook of consumers in the country. The index is based on a comprehensive survey conducted by the global research firm Ipsos and data provider Thomson Reuters, which polls thousands of individuals on various aspects of personal financial situations and general economic conditions.

A higher PCSI score indicates increased consumer optimism, which often translates into stronger spending habits and healthier economic growth. Conversely, a lower score suggests more pessimism among consumers, potentially leading to reduced spending and slower economic growth. Investors and policymakers keep a close eye on the PCSI, as changes in consumer sentiment can have significant impacts on the performance of the national economy.

As a forward-looking indicator, the Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI offers valuable insights into the future trajectory of the South Korean economy, providing valuable information for traders, businesses, and policymakers to make informed decisions.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS Primary Consumer Sentiment Index (PCSI) is a monthly economic indicator that measures the overall confidence and sentiment of Indian consumers. The index is based on a survey conducted by research firm IPSOS in collaboration with Thomson Reuters, one of the world's leading providers of economic data and insights.

The PCSI is calculated using a sample of Indian consumers, who are asked about their perceptions and expectations concerning the economy, jobs, personal finances, and their willingness to make major purchases. The survey results are used to calculate the index value, with a higher score indicating stronger consumer confidence and a more optimistic outlook for the economy.

Investors, economists, and policymakers closely monitor the PCSI as it provides valuable insights into India's consumer market, predicting consumer behavior, and its potential impact on the country's economic growth. Changes in the PCSI can affect financial markets, currency exchange rates, and impact decisions on monetary and fiscal policies.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS Primary Consumer Sentiment Index (PCSI) is a monthly economic calendar event that provides valuable insight into consumer confidence and sentiment in Australia. This important indicator is closely monitored by market analysts, economists, and policymakers, as it has the potential to significantly impact the nation's economy.

Consisting of a comprehensive survey conducted by global research firm IPSOS in partnership with Thomson Reuters, the PCSI measures consumers' current and future outlooks on various economic factors. These include personal finances, employment prospects, investment climate, and overall economic conditions. A higher-than-expected result implies consumer optimism and increased spending, which can positively affect the growth of the Australian economy. Conversely, a lower-than-expected result signifies consumer pessimism, potentially leading to reduced spending and slower economic growth.

As a valuable tool for both short-term traders and long-term investors, the Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI is released in the middle of each month, and its results can significantly impact the Australian stock market, currency pair values (such as AUD/USD), and other local financial instruments. Therefore, keeping a close eye on this economic calendar event is crucial for those seeking to assess the health of the Australian economy and adjust their trading strategies accordingly.

The Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI, also known as the Primary Consumer Sentiment Index, is a monthly economic calendar event for Japan that measures the overall consumer sentiment in the country. It is an important and widely-watched indicator of consumer confidence, as it offers insights into the Japanese public's perception of the economy and their financial situation.

This index is calculated using a combination of data collected from numerous sources, including surveys and questionnaires conducted by Thomson Reuters and the global research firm IPSOS. These surveys ask a representative sample of the Japanese population about their views on various aspects of the economy, such as personal finance, job security, government policy, and overall economic conditions.

A higher than expected reading of the Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI generally indicates increased optimism among consumers, potentially signaling increased spending and a stronger economy. Conversely, a lower than expected reading may be a sign of decreased consumer confidence and potential economic slowdown.

Investors and analysts closely monitor the Thomson Reuters IPSOS PCSI, as it provides valuable information about the country's economic health and can influence government policy as well as financial markets, including currency values and the stock market. Positive consumer sentiment can lead to increased consumer spending, which boosts overall economic growth, while negative sentiment can dampen spending and slow the economy.

The Thomson Reuters Ipsos Monthly Global Primary Consumer Sentiment Index is a composite index of 11 questions that run monthly via online polls in the countries surveyed. The data output is based on the views of a fresh, randomly selected representative sample each month of primary consumers aged 18-64 in the US and Canada and aged 16-62 in other countries. Primary consumers are a comparable, standardized and weighted group in each country based on a minimum level of education and income. The eleven questions capture consumer views on: 1. Current overall economic situation in country 2. Current state of economy in local area 3. Expectations of local economy in six months 4. Current personal financial situation rating 5. Expectations of personal financial situation in six months 6. Comfort in making major purchases 7. Comfort in making other household purchases 8. Confidence about job security 9. Confidence in ability to invest in the future 10. Experience with job loss as a result of economic conditions 11. Expectations of job loss as a result of economic conditions

The Unemployment Rate measures the percentage of the total work force that is unemployed and actively seeking employment.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SGD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SGD.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the MYR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the MYR.

Capacity utilization is a concept in economics and managerial accounting which refers to the extent to which an enterprise or a nation actually uses its installed productive capacity. Thus, it refers to the relationship between actual output that 'is' actually produced with the installed equipment, and the potential output which 'could' be produced with it, if capacity was fully used. A rull of thumb is, when capacity utilization is stable above 80%, in most cases rates will start going up. A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the JPY, while a lower than expected number as negative

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The current account is the international flow of money for purposes other than investments. It offers a broad picture of how an economy is managing its finances with the rest of the world. If a country has a deficit in its currency account it means that it has a saving deficit. Current account records the values of the following: - trade balance exports and imports of goods and services - income payments and expenditure, interest, dividends, salaries - unilateral transfer, aid, taxes, one way gifts It shows how a country deals with the global economy on a non-investment basis.

The Construction Output is an economic calendar event that tracks the change in the total value of construction work completed within the United Kingdom. This includes both private and public sectors and covers new building activities, renovations, and repair work. The data is released by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) on a monthly basis.

A high construction output figure indicates growth in the construction sector, which contributes significantly to the overall health of the UK economy. An increase in construction output can be seen as a sign of economic expansion, as it suggests that companies are investing in infrastructure and housing development. Conversely, a decline in construction output can signal economic slowdown or contraction.

Investors, analysts, and policy makers closely monitor construction output data as it can impact interest rates, currency valuation, and investment decisions. A consistently positive trend in construction output may lead to higher interest rates, as it could indicate inflationary pressures, whereas a negative trend could result in lower interest rates in an attempt to stimulate economic growth.

The U.K. Construction Output is an economic calendar event that reflects the volume of construction work completed in the United Kingdom within a given time period. This important indicator allows analysts, investors, and policymakers to gauge the health and growth of the nation's construction industry, which is a vital component of the broader economy.

Construction output consists of both public and private sector projects, encompassing residential, commercial, and infrastructure developments. An increase in construction output signifies a growing demand for goods and services, leading to higher employment rates and overall economic growth. Conversely, a decline in output might signal weakened demand, slower economic growth, or underutilized resources within the industry.

The report is closely monitored by market participants, as a robust construction sector often translates into increased business investments and consumer spending. Its data plays a crucial role in shaping monetary policy decisions by the Bank of England and offers valuable insights for investors seeking opportunities within the U.K. market.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the annualized change in the inflation-adjusted value of all goods and services produced by the economy. It is the broadest measure of economic activity and the primary indicator of the economy's health. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the change in the inflation-adjusted value of all goods and services produced by the economy. It is the broadest measure of economic activity and the primary indicator of the economy's health.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

Manufacturing Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers. Manufacturing accounts for approximately 80% of overall Industrial Production.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The Manufacturing Production index measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by U.K.'s manufacturers. Manufacturing accounts for approximately 80% of overall Industrial Production. A rise in manufacturing production signify increasing economic growth therefore a higher than expected figure will be bullish for the GBP and a lower than expected should be bearish.

Gross domestic product (GDP) measures the value of goods and services produced in the UK. It estimates the size of and growth in the economy. It is the broadest measure of economic activity and the primary indicator of the economy's health. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP. Rolling three-month data are calculated by comparing growth in a three-month period with growth in the previous three-month period, for example, growth in June to August compared with the previous March to May.

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods and services over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The Trade Balance measures the difference in value between imported and exported goods sand services, from and to Non-Eu countries, over the reported period. A positive number indicates that more goods and services were exported than imported. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The definition for an unemployed person is: Persons (16-65 years) who were available for work (except for temporary illness) but did not work during the survey week, and who made specific efforts to find a job within the previous 4 weeks by going to an employment agency, by applying directly to an employer, by answering a job ad, or being on a union or professional register. The percentage number is calculated unemployed / (employed + unemployed). A higher than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the SEK , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the SEK.

The German Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services purchased by consumers.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The German Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services purchased by consumers.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) in an index of consumer prices calculated and published by Eurostat, the Statistical Office of the European Union (EU), on the basis of a statistical methodology that has been harmonised across all EU Member States. HICP is a measure of prices used by the Governing Council of EU to define and assess price stability in the euro area as a whole in quantitative terms.The HICP are designed expressly for international comparisons of consumer price inflation across EU Member States. these harmonized inflation figures will be used to inform decisions on which Member States meet price stability convergence criterion for EMU. However, they are not intended to replace existing national Consumer Price Indices (CPIs). The coverage of the indices is based on the EU classification COICOP (classification of individual consumption by purpose).

Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) in an index of consumer prices calculated and published by Eurostat, the Statistical Office of the European Union (EU), on the basis of a statistical methodology that has been harmonised across all EU Member States. HICP is a measure of prices used by the Governing Council of EU to define and assess price stability in the euro area as a whole in quantitative terms.The HICP are designed expressly for international comparisons of consumer price inflation across EU Member States. these harmonized inflation figures will be used to inform decisions on which Member States meet price stability convergence criterion for EMU. However, they are not intended to replace existing national Consumer Price Indices (CPIs). The coverage of the indices is based on the EU classification COICOP (classification of individual consumption by purpose).

The current account is the international flow of money for purposes other than investments. It offers a broad picture of how an economy is managing its finances with the rest of the world. If a country has a deficit in its current account it means that it has a saving deficit. The country is living above its means and is gradually becoming indebted to the world. The current account consists of the net total of: - (BOP) TRADE BALANCE: Export f.o.b. less Imports c.i.f. - (BOP) GENERAL GOVERNMENT: This covers all government current expenditure and receipts not appropriated to trade balance or to other transactions. - (BOP) TRANSPORT: Sea Transport and Civil Aviation: Receipts and payments for passenger fares, freight, charter hire, passage money, oil bunkers, airport charges and other disbursements. - (BOP) TRAVEL: The net value of Personal expenditure from tourism. - (BOP) FINANCIALS AND OTHER SERVICES - (BOP) INTEREST, PROFITS, AND DIVIDENDS - (BOP) TRANSFERS

The End Year Consumer Price Index (CPI) Forecast is an important economic indicator for Turkey. It provides an estimation of the inflation rate by the end of a given year. The inflation rate is an essential component of a country's economy, representing the overall change in the price level of goods and services over a specific period, typically a year.

Investors, policymakers, and businesses pay close attention to the End Year CPI Forecast as it helps them make informed decisions regarding their investment strategies, monetary policies, and pricing adjustments to better cope with potential changes in the inflation rate. Higher inflation rates may lead to increased interest rates and reduced consumer spending, affecting the overall economic growth. Conversely, lower inflation rates can stimulate economic growth through lower interest rates and increased consumption.

Overall, the End Year CPI Forecast serves as a crucial economic tool for Turkey, allowing various stakeholders to anticipate and react to changes in the inflation rate and make necessary adjustments for a stable and growing economy.

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of change in the general level of prices of goods and services bought by households over a specified period of time. It compares a household's cost for a specific basket of finished goods and services with the cost of the same basket during an earlier benchmark period. The consumer price index is used as a measurement of and is a key economic figure. Likely impact: 1) Interest Rates: Larger-than-expected quarterly increase in price inflation or increasing trend is considered inflationary; this will cause bond prices to drop and yields and interest rates to rise. 2) Stock Prices: Higher than expected price inflation is bearish on the stock market as higher inflation will lead to higher interest rates. 3) Exchange Rates: High inflation has an uncertain effect. It would lead to depreciation as higher prices mean lower competitiveness. Conversely, higher inflation causes higher interest rates and a tighter monetary policy that leads to an appreciation.

The Hungarian Industrial Output is a useful indicator of the economy because it is more current compared to the GNP and reported every month. Total Industrial Production includes Mining,Manufacturing, and Energy but it excludes transportation, services, and agriculture which is included in GNP. Industrial Production is generally more volatile than GNP. Changes in the volume of the physical output of the nation's factories, mineand utilities are measured by the index of industrial production. The figure is calculated as a weighted aggregate of goods and reported in headlines as a percent change from previous months. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the HUF , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the HUF.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The French Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services purchased by consumers.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices, is the same as CPI, but with a joint basket of products for all Eurozone member countries. The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices, is the same as CPI, but with a joint basket of products for all Eurozone member countries. The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends and inflation. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the IDR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the IDR.

The French Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services purchased by consumers. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Core Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the changes in the price of goods and services, excluding food and energy. The CPI measures price change from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the GBP, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the GBP.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices, is the same as CPI, but with a joint basket of products for all Eurozone member countries. The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices, is the same as CPI, but with a joint basket of products for all Eurozone member countries. The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

Monetary aggregates, known also as "money supply", is the quantity of currency available within the economy to purchase goods and services. Depending on the degree of liquidity chosen to define an asset as money, various monetary aggregates are distinguished: M0, M1, M2, M3, M4, etc. Not all of them are used by every country. Note that methodology of calculating money supply varies between countries. M2 is a monetary aggregate that includes all physical currency circulating in the economy (banknotes and coins), operational deposits in central bank, money in current accounts, saving accounts, money market deposits and small certificates of deposit. Excess money supply growth potentially can cause inflation and generate fears that the government may tighten money growth by allowing the interest rates to rise which in turn, lowers future prices. M2 = Currency in circulation + demand deposits (private sector) + time and savings deposits (private sector).

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CNY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CNY.

This release measures the change in the total value of outstanding bank loans issued to consumers and businesses. Borrowing and spending are closely correlated with consumer confidence.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CNY , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CNY.

Outstanding Loan Growth measures the change in the total value of outstanding bank loans issued to consumers and businesses. Borrowing and spending are closely correlated with consumer confidence.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CNY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CNY.

Chinese Total Social Financing is an economic calendar event that offers valuable insight into China's credit conditions and overall capital flow. This data reflects the total amount of funds provided by all financing channels, including banks, non-banking financial institutions, and corporation financing through equity issuance and bonds, to support the country's real economic activities.

Tracking and analyzing this metric allows investors, economists, and policymakers to better understand the financial landscape in China, particularly capital availability and access to credit for businesses and households. Higher total social financing numbers may indicate an improving Chinese economy, which can lead to higher investment and consumption activities. On the other hand, lower figures can reflect tighter credit conditions and reduced willingness to lend, which may signal a slowing economy or increasing uncertainty.

Closely monitoring changes in the Chinese Total Social Financing figures is crucial, as it can influence domestic consumption, investment decisions, and the financial market, in turn affecting the global economy. Also, as one of the largest global trade partners, the health of China's economy can have significant impacts on the international market and other economies as well.

The current account is the international flow of money for purposes other than investments. It offers a broad picture of how an economy is managing its finances with the rest of the world. If a country has a deficit in its current account it means that it has a saving deficit. The country is living above its means and is gradually becoming indebted to the world. Current account records the values of the following: - trade balance,exports and imports of goods and services - income payments and expenditure, interest, dividends, salaries - unilateral transfers, aid, taxes, one-way gifts It shows how a country deals with the global economy on a non-investment basis. Positive current account balance is when inflows from its components into the country exceed outflows of the capital leaving the country. Current account surplus may strengthen the demand for local currency. Persistent deficit may lead to a depreciation of a currency.

Confidence indicator is a measure of the mood of consumers or businesses. It is usually based on a survey during which respondents rate their opinion on different isues concerning current and future conditons. Consumers opinion are typically expressed with answers like: better, same, worse or positive, negative and unchanged. Results of such surveys are calculated by subtracting the negative replies from the positive ones. Business confidence indicator is closely linked to corporate spending and correlated with employment, consumption and investment. Therefore it is carefully watched as an indication of possible changes in the overall economic growth.

Confidence indicator is a measure of the mood of consumers or businesses. It is usually based on a survey during which respondents rate their opinion on different isues concerning current and future conditons. Consumers opinion are typically expressed with answers like: better, same, worse or positive, negative and unchanged. Results of such surveys are calculated by subtracting the negative replies from the positive ones. Business confidence indicator is closely linked to corporate spending and correlated with employment, consumption and investment. Therefore it is carefully watched as an indication of possible changes in the overall economic growth.

The ECOFIN Meetings, also known as Economic and Financial Affairs Council Meetings, are crucial gatherings comprised of economic and financial ministers from the Eurozone. These meetings aim to discuss, analyze, and refine financial policies, economic initiatives, and budgetary decisions that impact the Eurozone. Significant topics typically addressed in these sessions include taxation, fiscal policy, public expenditure, and regulatory reforms related to economic stability and growth.

Decisions made during ECOFIN Meetings can influence the economic trajectory of the Eurozone, often resulting in fluctuations in the Euro currency and the overall financial market. Market participants pay close attention to announcements, statements, and reports emerging from these meetings as they can provide insight into the overall direction of the region's economy and the potential impact on investments and businesses operating within the Eurozone.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

The Consumers Price Index (CPI) measures the rate of price change of goods and services purchased by households. It measures changes in the average level of prices over a period of time. In other words, prices indicator of what is happening to prices consumers are paying for items purchased. With a given starting point or base period which is usually taken as 100, the CPI can be used to compare current period consumer prices with those in the base period. Consumer Price index is the most frequently used indicator of and reflect changes in the cost of acquiring a fixed basket of goods and services by the average consumer. The weights are usually derived from household expenditure surveys. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the EUR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the EUR.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in the price of goods and services from the perspective of the consumer. It is a key way to measure changes in purchasing trends.

The impact on the currency may go both ways, a rise in CPI may lead to a rise in interest rates and a rise in local currency, on the other hand, during recession, a rise in CPI may lead to a deepened recession and therefore a fall in local currency.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) in Serbia is a significant economic calendar event that reflects the changes in the general price level of consumer goods and services purchased by households in the country. This index is compiled and published on a monthly basis by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia.

The CPI is used as a key measure of inflation, providing useful insights into the purchasing power of household income, as well as an essential tool for both the government and central banks in devising appropriate economic policies, such as interest rate adjustments and fiscal measures. A high or growing CPI may indicate increased inflation and the potential need for intervention, whereas a low or declining CPI suggests price stability or even deflationary pressures.

For investors, traders, and businesses alike, monitoring the CPI event in Serbia is essential for understanding the health of the country's consumer market and making informed decisions on local investment, trade, and business expansion strategies.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a vital economic indicator that measures the average price change in a basket of consumer goods and services over a specific period. In the case of Serbia, this index reflects the changes in costs for household consumption in both urban and rural areas across various regions.

By assessing the price fluctuations in this basket, the CPI can help track inflation trends and evaluate the purchasing power of the Serbian population. Consequently, it plays a crucial role in shaping economic policies and informing investment decisions in Serbia.

Bank Loan Growth measures the change in the total value of outstanding bank loans issued to consumers and businesses. Borrowing and spending are closely correlated with consumer confidence. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the INR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the INR.

Deposit Growth is an important economic calendar event in India that reflects the percentage change in the total value of deposits held by various institutions, such as commercial banks, credit unions, and thrifts over a specific period. The growth in deposits indicates an increase in investment, potential savings, and liquidity in the market, which are crucial factors for a stable and growing economy.

Higher deposit growth often signals increased consumer confidence and a positive outlook on the economy, while slower growth may point towards a weaker economic environment or uncertainties. Policymakers, investors, and financial institutions closely monitor deposit growth rates to make informed decisions related to monetary policies and investment strategies.

International reserves are used to settle balance of payments deficits between countries. International reserves are made up of foreign currency assets, gold, holdings of SDRs and reserve position in the IMF. Usually includes foreign currencies themselves, other assets denominated in foreign currencies, and particular amount of special drawing rights (SDRs). A foreign exchange reserve is a useful precaution for countries exposed to financial crises. It can be used for the purpose of intervening in the exchange market to influence or peg the exchange rate. A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the INR , while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the INR.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the MXN, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the MXN.

Industrial Production measures the change in the total inflation-adjusted value of output produced by manufacturers, mines, and utilities.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the MXN, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the MXN.

The Brazilian Service Sector Growth is an important economic calendar event that showcases the recent performance and trends in Brazil's vibrant service industry. This growth indicator signifies the expansion or contraction in the service sector compared to the previous period.

As a major component of Brazil's economy, the service sector plays a key role in contributing to the nation's overall Gross Domestic Product (GDP). A strong and growing service sector represents job creation, increased business activity, and an improved economic outlook for the country. Thus, investors, policymakers, and various market participants closely monitor the Brazilian Service Sector Growth data release as it holds valuable information on the current state and future prospects of the country's economy.

The Brazilian Service Sector Growth event is an economic indicator that tracks the recent performance of the service sector within Brazil's economy. This metric encompasses a wide range of professional areas, including hospitality, healthcare, finance, and education. It is based on the indices of production, the level of new orders, employment, and supplier deliveries, offering valuable insight into the health of the service sector and its contribution to Brazil's overall economic growth.

When analyzing this key event, investors and policymakers look for changes in the trends and dynamics of the sector, as it can have significant implications for Brazil's GDP, labor market performance, and inflationary pressures. An upward trend in service sector growth often signals a thriving economy, increased consumer spending, and a positive business environment, which can lead to the appreciation of Brazil's currency. On the other hand, a slowdown in this growth might indicate economic headwinds and can negatively impact the country's financial markets.

Regular monitoring of the Brazilian Service Sector Growth event is crucial for market participants, as it helps to form a better understanding of Brazil's economic trajectory and make informed decisions accordingly.

NIESR’s short-term predictions of monthly GDP growth will be based on bottom-up analysis of recent trends in the monthly sub-components of GDP. These predictions will be constructed by aggregating statistical model forecasts of ten sub-components of GDP. The statistical models that have been developed make use of past trends in the data as well as survey evidence to build short-term predictions of the sub-components of monthly GDP. These will provide a statistically-based guide to current trends based on the latest available data.

Balance of payments is a set of accounts recording all economic transactions between the residents of the country and the rest of the world in a given period of time, usually one year. Payments into the country are called credits, payments out of the country are called debits. There are three main components of a balance of payments: - current account - capital account - financial account Either a surplus or a deficit can be shown in any of these components. Current account records the values of the following: - trade balance exports and imports of goods and services - income payments and expenditure interest, dividends, salaries - unilateral transfers aid, taxes, one-way gifts It shows how a country deals with the global economy on a non-investment basis. Balance of payments shows strenghts and weaknesses in a country's economy and therefore helps to achieve balanced economic growth. The release of a balance of payments can have a significant effect on the exchange rate of a national currency against other currencies. It is also important to investors of domestic companies that depend on exports. Positive current account balance is when inflows from its components into the country exceed outflows of the capital leaving the country. Current account surplus may strengthen the demand for local currency. Persistent deficit may lead to a depreciation of a currency.

The Trade Balance index measures the difference in worth between exported and imported goods (exports minus imports). This is the largest component of a country's balance of payments.

Export data can give reflection on Russia's growth. Imports provide an indication of domestic demand. Because foreigners must buy the domestic currency to pay for the nation's exports, it may have sizable affect on the RUB.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the RUB, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the RUB.

Building Permits measures the change in the number of new building permits issued by the government. Building permits are a key indicator of demand in the housing market.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CAD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CAD.

The Capacity Utilization Rate is the percentage of production capacity being utilized in Canada (available resources includes factories, mines and utilities). Capacity Utilization reflects overall growth and demand in the economy. It can also act as a leading indicator of consumer price inflation.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CAD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CAD.

Wholesale Sales measures the change in the total value of sales at the wholesale level. It is a leading indicator of consumer spending.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CAD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CAD.

Manufacturing Sales measures the change in the overall value of sales made at the manufacturing level.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CAD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CAD.

New Motor Vehicle Sales measures the change in the number of new cars and trucks sold domestically. It is an important indicator of consumer spending is closely correlated to consumer confidence.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the CAD, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the CAD.

Fed Goolsbee Speaks is an economic event where the Federal Reserve representative, Austan Goolsbee, gives a speech or makes statements about the existing or upcoming economic and monetary policies of the United States. Austan Goolsbee is an esteemed economist who is known to address important aspects such as monetary policies, inflation, and interest rates. His speeches often move the market and give insights into the future decisions of the Federal Reserve.

Investors and traders keenly follow such events to understand the Fed's stance and adjust their investment strategies accordingly. Fed Goolsbee's words can lead to a wave of market volatility, creating trading opportunities. Therefore, it is an important event to keep a close watch on to understand the economic health and policy direction of the United States.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the annualized change in the inflation-adjusted value of all goods and services produced by the economy. It is the broadest measure of economic activity and the primary indicator of the economy''s health. A stronger than expected number should be taken as positive for the RUB and a lower than expected number as negative to the RUB. This is the preliminary reading

The Baker Hughes rig count is an important business barometer for the oil drilling industry. When drilling rigs are active they consume products and services produced by the oil service industry. The active rig count acts as a leading indicator of demand for oil products.

The U.S. Baker Hughes Total Rig Count is an important economic event that tracks the number of active drilling rigs operating in the United States. This data is published weekly by the oilfield services company Baker Hughes and serves as a valuable tool for monitoring the health of the energy sector.

The report is a primary indicator of drilling activity in the U.S., including rigs engaged in the exploration and extraction of oil and natural gas. The rig count can provide hints about future production levels, as a higher total rig count usually indicates increased exploration and production of oil and natural gas, while lower counts often signal cutbacks.

Market participants, policymakers, and analysts closely watch the Baker Hughes Rig Count, as it can provide vital information on trends in the energy industry and have an impact on oil prices. Sudden changes in the rig count might result in price fluctuations in the energy markets, making it a crucial event for trading purposes.

This is annual projection from each quarter's perspective. Japanese Fiscal Year covers from April to March in the following year. Every quarter the respondents give their forecast values for the Fiscal Year, starting from March survey whichis before the next fiscal year starts.

Business Conditions, large enterprises, manufacturing, actual result. Respondingenterprises are asked to choose one alternative among three as the best descriptor of prevailing conditions, excluding seasonal factors at the time of the survey and three months hence. For Business Conditions, it's judgment of general business conditions of the responding enterprise, primarily in light of individual profits. The alternatives are, (1) Favorable (2) Not so favorable (3)Unfavorable. Diffusion Index is calculated by subtracting the percentage share of enterprisesresponding '(3) Unfavorable' from that of '(1) Favorable'.

Business Conditions, large enterprises, manufacturing, actual result. Responding enterprises are asked to choose one alternative among three as the best descriptor of prevailing conditions, excluding seasonal factors at the timeof the survey and three months hence. For Business Conditions, it's judgment of general business conditions of the responding enterprise, primarily in light of individual profits. The alternatives are, (1) Favorable (2) Not so favorable (3)Unfavorable. Diffusion Index is calculated by subtracting the percentage share of enterprisesresponding '(3) Unfavorable' from that of '(1) Favorable'.

The Tankan Large Manufacturing Index rates the relative level of general business conditions in the manufacturing sector. On the index, a level above zero indicates improving conditions; below indicates worsening conditions. The data is compiled from a survey of about 1,200 large manufacturers.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

Tankan Business Conditions survey sent to enterprises whom are asked to choose one alternative among three as the best descriptor of prevailing conditions, The alternatives are, (1) Favorable (2) Not so favorable (3) Unfavorable. The survey is sent to thousands of companies and released sorted by the company's size and sector (Manufacturing and Services). A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the JPY, while a lower than expected number as negative.

The Tankan Non-Manufacturing Index rates the relative level of general business conditions among large businesses, excluding the manufacturing industry. On the index, a level above zero indicates improving conditions; below indicates worsening conditions. The data is compiled from a survey of about 1,200 large businesses.

A higher than expected reading should be taken as positive/bullish for the JPY, while a lower than expected reading should be taken as negative/bearish for the JPY.

Tankan Business Conditions survey sent to enterprises whom are asked to choose one alternative among three as the best descriptor of prevailing conditions, The alternatives are, (1) Favorable (2) Not so favorable (3) Unfavorable. The survey is sent to thousands of companies and released sorted by the company's size and sector (Manufacturing and Services). A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the JPY, while a lower than expected number as negative.

Tankan Business Conditions survey sent to enterprises whom are asked to choose one alternative among three as the best descriptor of prevailing conditions, The alternatives are, (1) Favorable (2) Not so favorable (3) Unfavorable. The survey is sent to thousands of companies and released sorted by the company's size and sector (Manufacturing and Services). A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the JPY, while a lower than expected number as negative.

Tankan Business Conditions survey sent to enterprises whom are asked to choose one alternative among three as the best descriptor of prevailing conditions, The alternatives are, (1) Favorable (2) Not so favorable (3) Unfavorable. The survey is sent to thousands of companies and released sorted by the company's size and sector (Manufacturing and Services). A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the JPY, while a lower than expected number as negative.

Tankan Business Conditions survey sent to enterprises whom are asked to choose one alternative among three as the best descriptor of prevailing conditions, The alternatives are, (1) Favorable (2) Not so favorable (3) Unfavorable. The survey is sent to thousands of companies and released sorted by the company's size and sector (Manufacturing and Services). A higher than expected number should be taken as positive to the JPY, while a lower than expected number as negative.